| 词组 | fail |
| 释义 | fail /feɪl/ verb 1. to not succeedGrammarYou often use fail with an infinitive verb in this meaning: The climbers failed to reach the top of the mountain. The team failed to win the competition.nouns + faila plan fails Their plan failed and they had to start again.an attempt fails The prisoners’ attempt to escape failed.an experiment fails Ulrich later admitted that his experiment had failed.a company/business fails (=it is unable to make a profit and has to close) The company failed and the investors lost all their money.a marriage fails Some marriages fail after only a few months.talks/negotiations fail The peace talks failed and the fighting continued.crops fail (=they do not grow) The crops failed and the people went hungry.adverbsfail completely/totally/altogether Unfortunately our plan failed completely.fail badly Critics say that the current system is failing badly.fail miserably/dismally (=very badly) We have failed miserably to stop climate change.fail spectacularly (=extremely badly) The plan failed spectacularly and the terrorists blew themselves up.narrowly fail (=only just fail) The team narrowly failed to win the game.prepositionsfail in an attempt/effort/bid to do sth The two sides failed in their attempt to reach an agreement. | She failed in her bid to become the first woman to fly around the world.phrasesbe doomed to fail (=be certain to fail) The talks seem doomed to fail before they start.sb/sth can hardly fail (=it seems certain they will succeed) He is the best player and he can hardly fail to win.if all else fails (=if every other method fails) If all else fails, you can borrow some money off your parents.THESAURUS: fail flop/bomb informalmovie | show | record | product if a movie, show etc flops, it is unsuccessful because people do not like it. Bomb is more informal than flop: The show bombed and ended after only a couple of weeks. | His first record flopped and only sold a few copies.You can also say that a movie, show etc was a flop. fall throughdeal | plan | sale if a deal, plan etc falls through, it is unsuccessful and fails to happen: They were hoping to buy a house, but the deal fell through at the last minute. | His great ambition was to travel around the world by bus. Those plans fell through. | The family wanted to move to a house in London, but the sale fell through. backfireplan | strategy | scheme | tactic if a plan backfires, it has the opposite effect of what it was intended to do: Her plan to get attention backfired, and instead of being promoted she lost her job. | The company’s tactic backfired and they were forced to admit publicly that they were wrong. collapsesystem | economy | talks to fail suddenly and completely, especially with the result that there is a very serious situation: People are worried that the banking system could collapse. | In 1929 the US economy collapsed and millions of people lost their jobs. | The talks with the union collapsed and workers went back on strike. break downtalks | negotiations | agreement | communication | relationship | marriage to fail, with the result that you are unable to continue: Talks broke down between unions and employers. | The negotiations broke down, because neither side was willing to compromise. | The agreement broke down almost immediately. | Communication sometimes breaks down between couples. | Their relationship broke down almost five years ago. | Unfortunately, his marriage had broken down and he and his wife had separated.companies/businesses go bankruptcompany | firm | business if a company or person goes bankrupt, they cannot pay their debts and they have to stop trading permanently: My father’s company went bankrupt, with debts of over $15 million. | Unfortunately, the firm went bankrupt before the work was completed. | Their cloth-making business went bankrupt during the recession. | The reason he went bankrupt, he says, is that there weren’t enough customers. go bust informalcompany | firm | business if a company goes bust, they cannot pay their debts and they have to stop trading permanently: A record number of companies are going bust every week. | The travel firm went bust and hundreds of people had to cancel their holidays. | His business went bust and he owes £120,000. | The store went bust and 200 staff lost their jobs.Another way of saying that someone or something failsYou can use other parts of speech to say that someone or something failed. For example, you can say that someone or something was unsuccessful: Unfortunately, on this occasion your application was unsuccessful. He was unsuccessful in his attempt to reach the South Pole.You can also say that something was a failure: The experiment was a failure.If something failed very badly, you can say that it was a complete failure, or a disaster: I burnt the pizza and the meal was a disaster.Finally, you can say that someone tried in vain to do something (=they tried unsuccessfully): Rescue workers tried in vain to save the ship. All her efforts had been in vain.Another way of saying that a company or business failsThere are many expressions you can use when talking about a company having to close its business.You can say that a company closes down: The steel plant closed down, with the loss of 2,500 jobs.You can say that a company goes under: More than 7,000 firms have gone under in the last three months (=they had too many debts to be able to continue trading).Finally, you can say that a company goes to the wall: Many small firms will go to the wall (=have to close because of difficult financial conditions).ANTONYMS → succeed2. to not pass a testfail + nounsfail a test/exam If you fail the test, you can always take it again.fail an interview They told her that she had failed the interview.adverbsfail sth badly I failed the test badly.(only) just fail sth His son just failed the entrance exam.ANTONYMS → pass (1) |
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