| 词组 | change |
| 释义 | verb | noun change1 /tʃeɪndʒ/ verb 1. to become differentadverbschange a lot/a great deal/considerably The town has changed a lot since I was last here.change completely/totally His life had completely changed since he met Anya.change dramatically (=a lot, especially in a surprising way) The landscape has changed dramatically over the past hundred years.change fundamentally/radically/drastically (=completely, in a way that has a big effect) The political situation has fundamentally changed since the election.change slightly/a little After she died, the world seemed to change slightly. | The wind changed slightly and there was a hint of rain in the air.change rapidly/quickly The market for phones is changing rapidly.sb/sth has hardly changed (=they are almost the same as before) In 60 years the school had hardly changed.change slowly/gradually Working conditions are gradually changing, with an increase in the number of people working longer hours.change constantly/all the time The English language is changing all the time.change permanently/forever Something happened that would change her life forever.change overnight (=very suddenly) My financial position changed overnight and I was suddenly trying to think of ways of spending money.change irrevocably (=in a way that is impossible to change back) Her life changed irrevocably when her husband suffered a heart attack.prepositionschange to/into sth Hope changed to despair.change from sth She has changed from a shy schoolgirl into a confident young woman.phraseschange for the better/worse (=in a way that is better or worse) According to his teachers, his attitude has changed for the better recently.sb/sth has changed out of all recognition (=they seem completely different) She has changed out of all recognition since she left home.times have changed (=the situation is different now) Times have changed since you could go out without locking your doors.things change (=situations always change) He used to love his work, but things change.THESAURUS: change altersituation | position | attitude | voice | tone | face | expression to change. Alter sounds more formal than change. It is used especially about very small or very big changes, or in negative sentences: The situation has altered dramatically in recent weeks. | The position has not altered and we will continue to pursue our present policies. | His attitude has altered a little and he seems more relaxed. | His voice never altered. | Her tone suddenly altered and she said, “Come as soon as you can.” | Her face suddenly altered when she saw him coming. turnred | yellow | blue | green | colder to change and become a different colour, temperature, or mood: Her face turned red with embarrassment. | The leaves on the trees were starting to turn yellow. | The weather is turning colder. | Relief turned to joy when they heard the news. | Her tears quickly turned to rage. adaptperson | species | company to change so that you can deal with a new situation: Some people find it hard to adapt to living in a foreign country. | Species have to adapt to different environments. | Companies that failed to adapt went bankrupt. evolvespecies | animal | humans | bird | plant | idea | plan | system if a species of animal or plant evolves, it gradually changes over a period of time and develops into a different species. If an idea, plan or system evolves, it gradually develops: Many researchers believe our species evolved in Africa. | The animal has evolved to survive under very difficult conditions. | Do you think that humans have stopped evolving? | It is thought that birds evolved from dinosaurs. | Plants have evolved to deal with very dry climates. | The idea for the film was slowly beginning to evolve in his mind. | The plan evolved in discussions between various world leaders. | The Chinese writing system evolved into a complex system very different from picture writing. mutatevirus | gene if a virus or gene mutates, it changes and becomes a different organism: The virus has mutated into a much more dangerous form of the disease. | Genes often mutate and change their characteristics. fluctuateprice | value | number | rate | level | weight | speed | temperature to keep changing to a higher or lower level and then back again: Share prices on the New York Stock Exchange fluctuated wildly. | The number of students in the class fluctuates between about 8 and 15. | The death rate from the disease fluctuates from year to year. | I noticed that my blood sugar level was fluctuating. | Her weight fluctuated between 120 and 140 pounds. | The temperature fluctuates a lot, especially in the summer. alternate to keep changing from one thing to another and back again – used especially about people and their moods: His parents alternate between feelings of pride and moments of frustration and desperation. | Kate Winslet has alternated between big-budget Hollywood films and much smaller British films.2. to make something become differentnounschange your name/address Miriam changed her name to Mary.change your plans/decision We had to change our plans at the last minute because of the strike.change the law/system/rules The protesters want the law to be changed.change the way you do sth Technology is changing the way people work.change your opinion/attitude/outlook I’ve changed my opinion about her since then. | Having a baby completely changed her outlook.change your mind (=decide to do something different) I’ve changed my mind – I’m not going out tonight.change the subject/topic (=talk about something different) “Let’s change the subject,” she said suddenly. “I don’t want to talk about this any more.”change jobs/career I’m too old to change career now.change sb’s life You should read this book – it could change your life.change direction/course The ship suddenly changed direction.change colour BrE change color AmE It’s autumn and the leaves are changing colour.change your story (=give an explanation of something that is different from your previous one) The witness changed his story and said he’d never met Mr Green before.change society/the world She was young and idealistic, and wanted to change the world.sth changed the course of history (=used about very important events that had a big effect) December 7th 1941 was a day that changed the course of history.adverbschange sth completely/totally I have completely changed my diet, and my weight is starting to come down.change sth forever It was an event which changed our lives forever.prepositionschange sb/sth into sb/sth Farmland is being changed into housing estates.THESAURUS: change alterway | situation | position | structure | cells | character | shape | balance | law to change something. Alter sounds more formal than change. It is used especially about very small or very big changes, or in negative sentences: The government has agreed to alter the way judges are appointed. | There was nothing we could do to alter the situation. | Scientists altered the genetic structure of the plant. | The cells have been genetically altered to produce proteins that protect the body’s immune system. | The development will alter the character of the neighbourhood. | They decided to alter the shape of plane’s wings. | This could radically alter the balance of power in the Arab World. | The law was altered so that companies did not have to pay so much tax. | This doesn’t alter the fact that he is guilty. adaptequipment | room | film | recipe to change something so that it can be used for a different purpose, or so that it is suitable for someone: How much would it cost to adapt the existing equipment? | The bathroom has been specially adapted for disabled people. | The film is adapted from a Michael Crichton novel about a theme park with real dinosaurs. | Vegetarians can adapt this recipe by omitting the bacon. adjustvolume | temperature | colour | brightness | position | level | rate to make small changes so that something is more suitable or is more how you want it: How do you adjust the volume on the television? | Adjust the temperature so that the cake does not burn. | The program allows you to adjust the colour of the picture. | You can use this button to adjust the brightness. | He tried to adjust the position of his chair. | The recording levels can be adjusted manually. | The bank has the power to adjust interest rates. turn sth up/downvolume | temperature | heat | thermostat | oven to make something louder or quieter, or hotter or cooler. Turn sth up/down is less formal than adjust, and is the usual way of saying this in everyday conversation: The music is very loud. Can you turn down the volume (=make it quieter)? | I’ve turned up the temperature in the living room (=made it warmer). | She turned up the thermostat to 25 degrees (=turned the control on the heating system in order to make the temperature warmer). | I turned down the oven, to stop the pie from burning. reformsystem | law | economy to change a law, system, organization etc, so that it is fairer or more effective: They want to reform the health care system. | There is urgent need to reform the law. | The government is attempting to reform the island’s economy. | As president, Museveni reformed the police and the armed forces. reviseplan | policy | opinion | idea | decision | constitution | rules | version | estimate to change something because of new information and ideas: The company has been forced to revise its business plans. | The government has said it is willing to look at revising its policy on this issue. | The court revised its opinion after hearing new evidence. | Scientists are having to revise their ideas about climate change. | Parliament voted in January to revise the constitution. | The committee voted to revise the membership rules. | The contract is a revised version of an earlier agreement. | The government’s revised estimate for economic growth is 1.8%. restructurecompany | business | economy | industry | operations to make big changes to a company, organization etc in order to make it more efficient, often with the result that a lot of people lose their jobs: The company has been restructured from top to bottom in order to make it more competitive. | Government plans to radically restructure the economy were met with widespread opposition. | Amdahl Corporation is restructuring its European operations.to change something completely transformway | life | society | economy | country | region | image | character to change something completely, especially so that it is much better: His discovery completely transformed the way we think about space and time. | Education can transform people’s lives. | The First World War transformed Western society. | Putin transformed the Russian economy. | The country has been transformed into the world’s biggest economic superpower. | Recent events have transformed his image among voters. | Bright colours can transform the character of a room. revolutionize also revolutionise BrEway | understanding | industry | business | treatment | medicine to completely and permanently change the way people do something or think about something. Revolutionize sounds even stronger than transform, and is often used about a new idea or invention: The internet has revolutionized the way we shop. | His work has revolutionized our understanding of human behaviour. | They are hoping the new screen will revolutionize the home entertainment industry. | Online banking has revolutionized the banking business. | The drug could revolutionize the treatment of HIV patients in developing countries. | Genetic engineering will revolutionize medicine.to change something in order to deceive people distorttruth | facts | argument to explain facts, statements etc in a way that makes them seem different from what they really are: He believes the film distorts the truth about what really happened that day. | There has been a deliberate attempt to distort the scientific facts about global warming. | Readers can judge for themselves if I have distorted his arguments. | We all know that the media can seriously distort what anyone says. twistfacts | truth | words | meaning to explain facts, statements etc in a way that makes them seem different from what they really are. Twist is more informal than distort and is used especially when someone does this deliberately and dishonestly for their own advantage: Defence lawyers twist the facts, and guilty men are allowed to go free. | When leaders twist the truth they should be held responsible. | He accused reporters of twisting his words. | He is twisting the meaning of what I said in order to prove that I’m wrong. misrepresentfacts | situation | words | comments | view | opinion to give people a wrong idea about something, by what you write or say, especially in the newspapers, on television etc. Misrepresent is more formal than twist or distort: Scientists say the article misrepresents the facts about the safety of nuclear energy. | He accused the press of misrepresenting the situation in Pakistan. | The cardinal said his words had been misrepresented. | The prime minister insisted on Saturday that his comments had been misrepresented in the press. | He thought his critics had misunderstood or misrepresented his views. | Ms Ali said she had been misrepresented in the interview. verb | noun change2 /tʃeɪndʒ/ noun a situation in which someone or something becomes different, or the act of making something differentadjectivesa big/major/huge/massive change Going to a new school is a big change for children.a slight/small/minor change A few minor changes were made to the programme.social/political/economic change Demands for political and social change are growing.an important/significant/change There have been some important changes to the law. | The change in blood pressure was not significant.a dramatic/drastic change (=very big, especially in a surprising way) The Industrial Revolution was a period of dramatic change.a fundamental/radical change (=affecting the most basic parts of something) Reducing waste requires a fundamental change in attitude.sweeping/far-reaching changes (=affecting many things or people) There are likely to be sweeping changes in the company. | The internet has brought about far-reaching changes in the way we work.a complete change I’ve had the same hairstyle for years and want a complete change.a subtle change (=difficult to notice) I sensed a subtle change in our relationship.gradual/rapid/sudden change Industry was experiencing a period of rapid change.a marked change (=very noticeable) There was a marked change in his behaviour.a pleasant/nice/refreshing change It’s a refreshing change to hear people saying good things about teenagers. | It made a nice change to spend Christmas on the ski slopes.lasting change (=that will continue for a long time) How can we bring about lasting change?a proposed change (=that has been suggested) Not everyone is in favour of the proposed changes.nouns + changeclimate change The effects of climate change can be seen in Antarctica.a career change The website has information for people considering a career change.a policy change A number of policy changes have been implemented.a temperature change Fish cannot cope with sudden temperature changes.a personality change A head injury can cause a personality change.regime change (=a change in the government of a country forced by another country) The United States wanted regime change in Syria.verbs + changemake a change We’ve had to make some changes to the design.cause a change Pregnancy causes big changes in a woman’s body.bring (about) change (=cause change) The war brought about radical social change.introduce a change A number of changes were introduced after the accident.undergo a change (=be affected by a change) Farming was undergoing considerable change during this time.implement a change (=make the change that another person has suggested) The changes suggested in the report still have not been fully implemented.see/notice/observe a change I saw a big change in her when I met her again.signal/herald a change (=be a sign of a change) Does this move signal a change in US foreign policy?deal with/cope with/adapt to change She finds it hard to cope with change. | If animals can’t adapt to change, they will die out.welcome/embrace change (=be happy about it) People do not always welcome change.resist/oppose change (=not want it) We resist change because of fear of the unknown.feel like a change (=want to do something different) I felt like a change, so I decided to walk to work.change + verbschange happens/takes place also change occurs formal Language change is happening all the time.a change affects sb/sth The changes affect both new and existing customers.a change results in sth The changes resulted in lower costs.prepositionsa change in sth A change in personality may mean a person is depressed.a change of sth The plant is very sensitive to changes of temperature.phrasesthe pace/rate of change People sometimes feel alarmed by the pace of technological change.a change for the better/worse (=it becomes better or worse) There was a change for the better in the patient’s condition. | A change for the worse in someone’s financial situation can quickly lead to debt problems.have a change of heart (=change what you want to do) She had a change of heart and decided to stay.a sea change in sth (=a very big change) There has been a sea change in attitudes to divorce over the past 50 years.THESAURUS: change alteration a change, especially a small one that happens naturally or gradually, or one that is made in order to improve something: I noticed a slight alteration in her behaviour. | They had to make some alterations to the design. reform a change made to a system or law in order to improve it: He called for a reform of our outdated voting system. | Many people opposed the economic reforms. shift a change, especially in people’s attitudes or in the way they do things, or in the position of someone or something: There has been a shift in public opinion about the war. | There needs to be a major shift away from road transport to rail transport. | After he died, there was a dramatic shift in the balance of power. swing a big change, especially in someone’s opinions or moods: The drug can cause mood swings. | There has been a big swing toward the Democrats (=many more people are supporting them). fluctuation a change in something – used when something changes often: There are frequent fluctuations in the value of the dollar. | The graph shows temperature fluctuations over the past month. | She was used to fluctuations in his mood. | There has been some fluctuation in productivity levels.a great change transformation a change in which something or someone becomes completely different: There has been a complete transformation in his attitude since he became a father. | They watched her transformation from a shy local girl to a famous movie actress. revolution a complete change in ways of thinking or working: The 1970s saw the beginnings of a new technological revolution. | Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity led to a revolution in scientific thinking. shake-up a situation in which a lot of changes are very quickly made in a system or organization in order to make it more effective: The administration is planning a thorough shake-up of the welfare system. | The department has not performed well and is badly in need of a shake-up. U-turn a complete change, so that you do the opposite of what you said you were going to do before – used especially about politics: The government was forced to do a U-turn after angry protests about their taxation policy. |
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