| 释义 |
●ˌbreak ˈdown 🔑1. if a vehicle, etc. breaks down, it stops working because of a fault （车辆等）出故障，出毛病◆The washing machine has broken down again.
洗衣机又坏了。◆We (= our car) broke down twice on the way home.
在回家的路上我们的车抛锚了两次。 ➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析break down
break down ◇ crash ◇ go down ◇ go wrong
These are all verbs that can be used when a machine stops working because of a fault. 这些动词都表示机器出故障、出毛病、失灵。
break down
(of a machine or vehicle) to stop working because of a fault （机器或交通工具）出故障，出毛病The washing machine has broken down again. 洗衣机又坏了。We (= our car) broke down on the motorway. 我们在高速公路上抛锚了。
NOTE Break can be used on its own, but is not used to talk about vehicles * break 可单独使用，但不用于指交通工具My watch has broken. 我的手表坏了。▸ breakdown noun a breakdown on the motorway 在高速公路上抛锚
crash
(of a computer or computer system) to stop working suddenly （计算机或计算机系统）突然崩溃，死机Files can be lost if the system suddenly crashes. 如果系统突然崩溃，文件可能会丢失。
go down
(of a computer system) to stop working temporarily （计算机系统）暂停工作，暂停运行The system is going down in ten minutes. 十分钟后系统将暂停运行。
go wrong
to stop working correctly 出毛病；出故障The new television set will contain fewer components to go wrong. 新电视机的元件中会出故障的将更少。
WHICH WORD?
Machines, devices and parts inside machines and vehicles can go wrong; whole vehicles cannot. If sth goes wrong, it may not stop working completely, as it does if it breaks or breaks down. When computers or computer systems crash, this is always sudden and unexpected; when a system goes down, it may have been turned off deliberately while work is carried out on it. * go wrong 用于指机器、装置以及机器和车辆的零件出故障，而不用于指整辆车。go wrong 并不表示完全停止工作； break 和 break down 则有此义。crash 通常指计算机或计算机系统突然、意外地停止运行； go down 可能指在系统工作时有意关闭系统。
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS the TV / the DVD player / my watch has broken / gone wrong the washing machine has broken down / gone wrong my car has broken down my computer has gone wrong / crashed the computer system has crashed / gone down2. if talks, a marriage, etc. break down, they fail （谈判、婚姻等）失败，破裂◆Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.
双方的谈判破裂了。◆Their marriage broke down after three years.
结婚三年后，他们分手了。3. to lose control of your feelings and start crying 情不自禁地哭起来◆As she drove away, I just broke down and wept.
她开车远去时，我不禁失声痛哭。4. if your health breaks down, it becomes very bad （健康）恶化，崩溃◆Her health broke down as a result of the strain.
她因过度劳累，身体垮了。5. (into sth) to be divided into parts so that it is easier to discuss, to analyse or to deal with 分成（若干部分）◆My weekly budget breaks down as follows: 50% for rent, 20% for food, 10% for travel, and 20% for everything else.
我每周的预算分项列明如下：租金 50%，食物 20%，交通 10%，其他 20%。◆The job breaks down into seven parts.
这项工作分为七部分。 ➡ see also break sth down (3)6. (into sth) if a substance breaks down, it separates into different parts or changes into sth else in a chemical process （化学变化中物质）分解，转化◆Some pesticides break down safely in water.
有些杀虫剂可在水中安全分解。 ➡ see also break sth down (4)[v + adv]▸ ˈbreakdown noun 1. [countable] an occasion when a vehicle or a machine stops working （车辆或机器的）故障，损坏◆We had a breakdown on the way home.
在回家的路上我们的车抛锚了。◆a breakdown truck
抢修车；救险车2. [countable, uncountable] a failure of talks, a marriage, law and order, etc. （谈判、婚姻的）失败，终止；（治安的）瘫痪◆a breakdown in communication
通讯中断◆They were both responsible for the breakdown of their marriage.
对婚姻的破裂他们双方均有责任。3. [countable] a period of mental illness when sb becomes tired, depressed and unable to lead a normal life 神经衰弱；精神崩溃◆He had a nervous breakdown last year.
他去年患了神经衰弱。4. [countable, usually singular] detailed information or figures that are the results of dividing sth into its parts to explain it more clearly 细目；细分◆Get me a breakdown of how the money was spent.
给我一份这笔钱的支出分类细账。5. [uncountable] the act of dividing a substance into its parts in a chemical process （化学变化中的）分解▸ ˌbroken-ˈdown adjective [only before noun]1. (of a vehicle or a machine 车辆或机器) not working 出故障的；坏了的◆a broken-down car
抛锚的汽车2. in a poor condition 状况差的；破败的◆a broken-down wall
剥落的墙壁 |