词组 | dead |
释义 | dead1 no longer alive. 2 no longer effective, valid, or interesting. ☞ The name dodo comes from Portuguese duodo meaning 'simpleton'. It was applied to the large flightless bird of Mauritius because the bird had no fear of man and so was easily killed, being quickly wiped out by visiting European sailors. The dodo's fate has made it proverbial for something that is long dead and the name has been used metaphorically for an old-fashioned, stupid, or unenlightened person since the 19th century.
☞ A doornail was one of the large iron studs formerly often used on doors for ornamentation or for added strength; the word occurred in various alliterative phrases (e.g. deaf as a doornail and dour as a doornail) but dead as a doornail is now the only one in common use. ☞ A dead cat might bounce if it is dropped from a great height: the fact of it bouncing does not reliably indicate that the cat is alive after all. The expression was coined in the late 20th century by Wall Street traders to refer to a situation in which a stock or company on a long-term, irrevocable downward trend suddenly shows a small temporary improvement.
☞ Dead in the water was originally used of a ship and in this context means 'unable to move'.
☞ This phrase was originally used with reference to passages in the biblical epistles in which St Paul compares the life-giving spirit of the New Testament with what he sees as the dead 'letter' of the Mosaic law. Later (until the late 19th century) Dead-letter Office was the name given to the organization that dealt with unclaimed mail or mail that could not be delivered for any reason. The expression has been used metaphorically for an obsolete or unobserved law since the mid 17th century.
☞ The sense of dead here and in the previous idiom developed in the 16th century from dead time of -, meaning the period most characterized by lack of signs of life or activity. ☞ This expression was a development from the phrase dead tired, as an exaggerated way of expressing a feeling of exhaustion. Dead is sometimes also used on its own to mean 'exhausted'.
1 from a state of death. 2 from a period of obscurity or inactivity. ☞ Dating from the early 19th century, this was originally a sporting idiom, referring to the manner in which a dog such as a setter or pointer stands stock still with its muzzle pointing in the direction of game.
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