| 释义 |
back Theme: FIGHTING n. one's support or second in a fight. (From backup.)Fred served as Tom's back in the scuffle.I need a back I can depend on.
back 1. noun 1 an illegal gambling operation. An abbreviation of 'back office' US, 1973. 2 a drink taken immediately after another, a 'chaser' US, 1982. 3 the musical accompaniment which a jazz band gives a soloist US, 1970. 4 support, help US, 1989. 5 the buttocks US, 1993. 6 potency; virility GUYANA, 1996.► get off someone's backto cease annoying, aggravating, nagging or criticising someone. Often in the exasperated imperative 'Get off my back!' UK, 1961.► get on someone's backto annoy, aggravate, nag or criticise someone AUSTRALIA, 1959.► get someone's back; have someone's backto defend or protect someone US, 1990.► it's got a back to itused of an article that is being lent, stressing that the loaned article must be returned. A catchphrase mainly in London use UK, 1961.► like the back of a bus; like the back end of a busugly, unattractive UK, 1959.► on your back1. (of a woman) working as a prostitute AUSTRALIA, 1968.2. (of a woman) engaged in sexual intercourse AUSTRALIA, 1979.3. penniless. An Australian variant, 'on the back of your arse', is first recorded in 1961 UK, 1937 2. verb to carry something on your back BAHAMAS, 1982.► back a tailto engage in anal sex AUSTRALIA, 1973.► back and fillto vacillate. Nautical imagery, from the term for handling sails to catch and then spill the wind US, 1975.► back off the courseto bet a large amount on something AUSTRALIA, 1965.► back off the mapto bet a large amount on something AUSTRALIA, 1975
idiomback► back sb into a corner► get your own back (on sb)► go back to the drawing boardat/in the back of your mindthink about if a thought, problem, or idea is at the back of your mind, you are thinking about it even though you are not giving it all of your attention:Well, the other thing that's in the back of my mind is that I know Cath's got a lot of work at the moment.Always at the back of my mind was the thought that when I finished this job I'd be out of work.put/push sth to the back of your mind: When I was with Sarah, I managed to put my own problems to the back of my mind, and concentrate on helping her.the back of beyondused about a place that is far away and difficult to get to, especially one where few people live:My parents live up in the back of beyond - you never see a soul.I visit people in their own homes, out at the back of beyond.do sth behind sb's back1 to say unpleasant things about someone to other people, when that person is not there:When the people you work with start making racist remarks behind your back, well, sooner or later you're going to find out.He suspected that the older girls were laughing at him behind his back.2 (also go behind sb's back) to do something without telling someone who will be affected by it, especially a member of your family or someone who you work with:I can't believe that my own sister was seeing my boyfriend behind my back.They went behind my back and appointed someone with no experience.break the back of sth1 to defeat an attempt to oppose you:Government troops have broken the back of the armed resistance in the north.Workers were brought in to break the back of the strike.2 BrE to succeed in dealing with the worst part of a problem or piece of work:I think we've managed to break the back of it - we'll sort out the details at the next meeting.I'm glad we've broken the back of that - I'll come in and finish it off tomorrow.break your backto work very hard when you are trying to do something:Before you break your back for your employers, remember just how much they're paying you.Many farming families lived here once, breaking their backs to make a living from the harsh land.back-breaking: The Chancellor has the most back-breaking job in central government.cover your backto do something now to protect yourself from criticism or blame if something goes wrong in the future:We'll be sorry later if we don't do something to cover our backs.The business culture today tells us never take chances, always cover your back, always put it in writingget off my back!a rude expression used in order to tell someone who keeps criticizing you to stop:Get off my back, Charlie. I told her I'm sorry - I can't do anything more.Maybe I'd get more work done, if you'd just get off my back. —see also get/keep sb off your backget/keep sb off your backto make someone stop annoying you, especially someone who is criticizing you, or asking you to do something:I need to write a few cheques, and get the phone company and the rest off my back.He paid the newspaper a lot of money to keep their reporters off his back. —see also get off my back!get/put sb's back up BrEBrEspoken to offend or annoy someone:They spelt my name wrong, which got my back up for a start.If someone goes around giving orders like that, it always puts people's backs up.be glad to see the back of BrEBrE1 used in order to say that you are glad that someone is going away because you do not like them or they have caused you trouble:Glyn broke off our engagement - I think he'll be glad to see the back of me.He was such a horrible man, I was glad to see the back of him.2 used in order to say that you are pleased that a difficult situation has ended:We're just glad to see the back of all the speculation, now that we've finally chosen a new striker.Alan Pond was pleased to see the back of 1992, a year in which his business collapsed and his dreams were shattered.have a broad back BrEBrEused in order to say that you can deal with difficulties without getting tired, or deal with insults without getting upset:Tell me what's wrong - you'll feel better and I've got a broad back.I don't care what they say about me - I've got a broad back and a hide like a rhinoceros.have your back to/against the wall(also do sth with your back to/against the wall)to be in a difficult situation that is very difficult to change or get out of:At that point in the recession I had my back to the wall, like most other small businessmen.We came into the competition with our backs to the wall, but things are looking better at this stage.sb is on sb's backused in order to say that someone is criticizing or complaining about the way someone is behaving:So I'd got no money left, and my parents were on my back for spending too much.They've been on his back about leaving the car out on the main road. —see also get/keep sb off your backknow sth like the back of your handto know a place extremely well:You must know the city like the back of your hand.He knows the island like the back of his hand, and puts together tours for visitors on request.on the back ofif something becomes better or changes on the back of another thing, it becomes better or changes because of it:The company's consumer electronics side, which grew on the back of making headphones, is to be retained.Elliot wrote, "America got fat and happy on the back of a historical accident: the consequences of two world wars in which Europe, Russia and Japan all temporarily lacerated themselves." pat sb on the back(also give sb a pat on the back)to praise someone or show your approval of something they have done:The most successful sales staff are patted on the back and encouraged at team meetings.I think we should give Fairclough a pat on the back for his performance in the last few games.get/receive/deserve a pat on the back: Students at local schools have received an official pat on the back for achieving a high academic standard.pat yourself on the back(also give yourself a pat on the back)to feel pleased with yourself because of something you have done:We have been patting ourselves on the back for being so careful with money, and now we find that we've spent too much.If you answered "yes" to all these questions, give yourself a pat on the back for being a friend of the environment.(don't) piss on my back and tell me it's raining(also (don't) piss in my ear and tell me it's raining)believespoken a rude expression used in order to tell someone that you do not believe them:"I'll pay you back, I promise." "Right, now piss on my back and tell me it's raining.I do whatever you tell me to, for very little money, but I don't need you pissing in my ear and telling me it's raining.put your back into it BrEBrEspoken to work as hard as you can in order to finish or achieve something:You've had it easy so far - now I want to see you put your back into it.I told them how successful the company could be if we really put out backs into it.stab sb in the backto do something that harms someone who you are working with, especially in a secret or indirect way ◆ often used in business and politics:You've got to be careful with employment agencies, because they'll stab you in the back if it makes things easier for them.In marketing it was a very competitive atmosphere, with everyone stabbing everyone else in the back.a stab in the back: Nizan's decision to leave the Party was interpreted by his comrades as a treacherous stab in the back.back-stabbing: People work together in local politics, it's not like the back-stabbing that goes on at Westminster.turn your back on1 to stop noticing or paying attention to someone, or to refuse to help them:His family turned their back on him; they'd had enough.We can't afford to turn our back on our competitors for a second.2 to refuse to be involved in something:Buchanan had turned his back on religion when his baby daughter died two years earlier.The tourist industry is very important, and it would be foolish to turn our backs on it.watch your backused in order to tell someone to be careful because someone may be trying to cause trouble for them or harm them:A word of warning: watch your back with Connolley - I don't trust him.She had to watch her back, like any politician.you scratch my back, I'll scratch yoursused about a situation in which people are helping each other, especially by doing things for each other that they are not supposed to do:After all, "You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours" was not an unknown saying in this city.I realized what Fred was trying to tell me: it was "You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours".back-scratching: It's a back-scratching exercise - he collects debts for the bank, they give him access to information. phraseback[backed, backed, backing]
back away 1. back away to move backwards so that you are further away from someone or something, often because you are afraid or nervous: "Are you crazy?" she cried, backing away in horror.+from The gunman began backing away from the counter, watching the cashier the whole time.2. back away to become unwilling to do something that you promised or planned to do, especially because you do not support the idea or plan any more: We thought we had a deal, but the seller is starting to back away.+from The government has been accused of backing away from a promise to increase welfare benefits.■ SIMILAR TO: back off
back down
back down to accept that you cannot win an argument or fight and stop trying to win, or accept that you are wrong and change your decision, when you do not want to do this: The union refused to back down and called for immediate strike action. In the end Krushchev backed down and agreed to remove the missiles from Cuba.+ on/over The government may have to back down on some of its transport policies if it wants to win the next election.■ SIMILAR TO: give in
back off 1. back off to move backwards so that you are further away from someone or something: He backed off immediately when I told him I had breath.■ SIMILAR TO: back away2. back off to stop trying to influence or force someone to do or think something: You should back off for a while and let Alan make his own decisions.■ SIMILAR TO: lay off3. back off to gradually become unwilling to do something that you promised to planned to do, especially because you do not support the idea or plan any more+ from The President is backing off from his plans to accelerate democratic change.■ SIMILAR TO: back away4. back off! spoken, especially AmE used to tell someone to go away and stop annoying or criticizing you or another person: Hey, back off, buddy! Can't you see it's none of your business?
back onto/on to
back onto/on to sth BrE if a building backs onto something such as a river, field, or road, the back of the building faces it and you can see it or reach it from there: an old black and white pub, backing on to the river The house backs onto a field and a nature reserve beyond.
back out
back out to decide not to do something that you have agreed to do: The actress who was originally going to play the part backed out at the last minute.+of She's made a promise and she can't back out of it now.■ SIMILAR TO: pull out
back up 1. back up sth • back sth up to prove that something is true: There was no scientific evidence to back up their claims. It was fortunate that the videotape backed up the manager's story.■ SIMILAR TO: support2. back sb up • back up sb to support someone by saying that they are telling the truth: Peggy was there too. She'll be able to back me up. He swears he's telling the truth and has witnesses who will back him up.3. back up sb/sth • back sb/sth up to provide help or support for someone or something: Officials discussed the possibility of using military forces to back up the police. a series of security arrangements which would back up a peace deal solar power, backed up by a propane generatorback-up n singular, U help or support for someone or something: Several police cars provided back-up for the officers.back-up adj always before noun back-up systems, services, or equipment are designed to be used if the main one does not work effectively: Nuclear reactors have superbly efficient back-up systems in case of emergencies.4. back up sth • back sth up to make a copy of information on a computer, and store it on a separate disk or tape so that the information is safe if there is a problem with the computer: You should back up your data at least once a week.back-up n C a copy of information on a computer: The tape drive does an automatic back-up every lunchtime. Remember to keep back-ups of all your important files.back-up adj always before noun used or produced when you make a copy of information on a computer: back-up disks a back-up copy5. back up • back up sth • back sth up if you back up or back a vehicle up, you drive backwards: Will you back up a bit so that I can get through, please? The driver backed the taxi up to the hotel door.■ SIMILAR TO: reverse BrE6. back up if traffic backs up, it stops moving and forms a long line because there are so many vehicles: If you leave town after five o'clock the traffic starts backing up really badly.
*back (some place)returned to some place; at some place again. (*Typically: be ~; get ~; arrive ~.) I can't wait till we get back home. When will we get back? Is it much farther? *back(at someone) repaying someone for a bad deed. (*Typically: get ~; have ~.) Tom called me a jerk, but I'll get back at him. I don't know how I'll get back for her insult, but I will. back n. one’s support or second in a fight. (From back-up.) I need a back I can depend on. - (in) back of (something)
- (one's) back is turned
- (one's) back is up
- a back number
- a back-seat driver
- a crick in (one's) back
- a knife in the back
- a monkey on (one's) back
- a monkey on your back
- a pat on the back
- a short back and sides
- a stab in the back
- a while back
- a/the monkey on somebody's back
- all the way to Egery and back
- answer back
- argue back
- arrive back
- ask back
- at the back of (one's) mind
- at the back of beyond
- at the back of your mind
- at/in the back of your mind
- back
- back (one or oneself) into a corner
- back (someone or something) up to (something)
- back (someone) for (something)
- back alley
- back and edge
- back and fill
- back and fill, to
- back and forth
- back at it
- back at it (again)
- back at you
- back atcha
- back away
- back burner
- back burner, on a
- back door
- back down
- back East
- back for
- back forty
- back in (one's) box
- back in circulation
- back in harness
- back in the day
- back in the game
- back in the saddle
- back in your box
- back in(to) (the) harness
- back in(to) circulation
- back into
- back into (someone or something)
- back number
- back o' Bourke
- back of
- back of (one's) mind
- back of (the) beyond
- back of beyond
- back of one's hand
- back of one's hand, to give (someone) the
- back of one's mind
- back of something
- back of the beyond
- back of the black stump
- back off
- back off, to
- back office
- back on (one's) feet
- back on feet
- back on the horse
- back on track
- back oneself into a corner
- back onto
- back onto (something)
- back order
- back out
- back out (of something)
- back out of
- back over
- back over (someone or something)
- back room
- back room boys
- back street
- back the wrong horse
- back to back
- back to basics
- back to earth
- back to front
- back to nature
- back to square one
- back to the drawing board
- back to the salt mines
- back to the wall
- back to the wall, with one's
- back up
- back up to
- back water
- back/paint somebody/yourself into a corner
- back-alley
- back-assward
- back-breaking
- back-cloth star
- backdoor
- back-ender
- backhanded compliment
- backhander
- back-of-the-envelope calculation
- back-order
- backpedal
- backroom boy
- backseat driver
- backstabber
- back-to-back
- back-to-back-to-back
- bad penny, always turns up (comes back) like a
- be (flat) on (one's) back
- be (like) water off a duck's back
- be back in business
- be back in harness
- be back on the rails
- be fed up to the back teeth
- be glad to see the back of (someone or something)
- be glad to see the back of someone or something
- be glad, etc. to see the back of somebody/something
- be no skin off (one's) back
- be on (one's) back
- be on somebody's back
- be on someone's back
- be on the back burner
- be on the back foot
- be right back
- be water off a duck's back
- be/go back to square one
- beast with two backs
- beat back
- been to hell and back
- behind (one's) back
- behind back
- behind somebody's back
- behind someone's back
- bend back
- bite back
- blink back tears
- blink tears back
- bounce (something) back and forth
- bounce back
- bounce back and forth
- boys in the back room
- break (one's) arm patting (oneself) on the back
- break (one's) back
- break back
- break neck
- break one's back
- break the back of
- break the back of (something)
- break the back of something
- break your back
- break your back doing something/to do something
- bring (one) back (down) to earth
- bring (one) back to reality
- bring (someone or something) back to life
- bring (someone) back out
- bring back
- bring back out
- bring back to life
- bring back to reality
- brush back
- buy (something) back (from someone)
- buy back
- by the back door
- by/through the back door
- call back
- call in(to)
- callback
- carry (one) back
- carry back
- cast (one's) mind back
- cast back
- cast your mind back
- cast your mind back to something
- change back
- check back
- check back with (one)
- choke back
- chop back
- clap back
- claw (one's) way
- claw (one's) way back from (something)
- claw your way back, into something, out of something, etc.
- come back
- come back (down) to earth
- Come back and see us
- come back anytime
- come back from the dead
- come back to bite (one)
- come back to earth to earth
- come back to haunt (one)
- come back to haunt one
- come back to the fold
- Come back when you can stay longer
- comment back
- could (do something) with one arm tied behind (one's) back
- could (do something) with one hand tied behind (one's) back
- couldn't find (one's) way out of a paper bag
- cover (one's) back
- cover your back
- crawl back to
- crawl back to (one)
- crawl into (one's) shell
- crick in back
- cut back
- cut back to
- cut back to (someone or something)
- date back
- dead on one's feet
- dial back
- die back
- do something behind someone's back
- do something with one hand behind your back
- double back
- draw back
- drift back
- drive (one) back on (something)
- drive (one) back to (someone)
- drive back
- drive back on
- drive back to
- drop back
- drunk back
- ease back
- echo back to
- echo back to (something)
- eyes in the back of (one's) head
- eyes in the back of one's head, have
- eyes in the back of one's head, to have
- eyes in the back of your head
- fade back
- fall back
- fall back on
- fall back on (someone or something)
- fall off the back of a lorry
- fall off the back of a truck
- fed up to the back teeth
- fed up to the back teeth (with someone or something)
- fed up to the back teeth with somebody/something
- feed (something) back into (something)
- feed back into
- feed back to
- fight back
- fight back at (someone or something)
- fire back
- fire back at (someone or something)
- fire back to (someone or something)
- fit on the back of a postage stamp
- flash back
- flashback Friday
- flat on (one's) back
- flat on back
- flat on one's back
- fling (one's) head back
- fling back
- fling head back
- fold back
- follow back
- force back
- from way back
- get (one's) back up
- get (one's) bait back
- get (one's) breath back
- get (one's) ears pinned back
- get (one's) mojo back
- get (one's) own back
- get (someone's) back
- get back
- get back at
- get back at (one)
- get back on the horse (that bucked you)
- get back on the rails
- get back to
- get back to (someone)
- get back to (someone) on (something)
- get back to basics
- get back to nature
- get back up
- get dander up
- get ears pinned back
- get off (one's) back
- get off (one's) backside
- Get off case!
- get off my back
- Get off my back!
- get off somebody's back
- get off someone’s back
- get off someone's back
- get someone's back up
- get someone's back up, to
- get your bait back
- get your breath back
- get your own back
- get/go back to basics
- get/put somebody's back up
- give (oneself or someone) a pat on the back
- give (someone) the back of (one's) hand
- give (someone) the shirt off (one's) back
- give (something) back (to someone) with interest
- give back
- give somebody/yourself a pat on the back
- give the shirt off back
- give the shirt off one's back
- give the shirt off one's back, to
- glance back
- glance back at (someone or something)
- go back
- go back a long way
- go back on
- go back on (one's) word
- go back on (something)
- go back on word
- go back on your word
- go back to
- go back to basics
- go back to square one
- go back to the drawing board
- go back to the salt mines
- go behind (one's) back
- go behind back
- go behind someone's back
- go to hell and back
- greenback
- grow back
- gulp back
- gulp back (one's) sobs
- gulp back (one's) tears
- hand back
- hand back to (someone)
- hang back
- harder than the back of God's head
- hark back
- hark back to
- hark(en) back to (something)
- have (got) (someone's) back
- have (one's) back against the wall
- have (one's) back to the wall
- have (one's) back up
- have a broad back
- have a monkey on (one's) back
- have a monkey on one’s back
- have a monkey on your back
- have a yellow belly
- have a yellow streak down (one's) back
- have a yellow streak down one’s back
- have back
- have back to the wall
- have back up
- have been to hell and back
- have calluses from patting (one's) own back
- have calluses from patting own back
- have eyes in the back of (one's) head
- have eyes in the back of head
- have eyes in the back of your head
- have got a monkey on (one's) back
- have got back
- have never looked back
- have the shirt off (one's) back
- have your back to the wall
- head back
- help (someone) back (to some place)
- help back
- hit back
- hit back (at someone or something)
- hold back
- hurry back
- hurry back to (someone or something)
- I'll call back later
- I'll get back to (someone)
- I'll get back to you
- I'll get back to you on that
- in (one's) (own) back yard
- in circulation
- in harness
- in play
- in the back
- in the back of (one's) mind
- in the back of mind
- in the groove
- inch back
- It is the last straw that breaks the camel's back
- juice back
- juice something back
- keep back
- keep off back
- kick back
- knock back
- knock back a drink
- knock one back
- knock something back
- know (something) like the back of (one's) hand
- know like a book
- know like the palm of hand
- know something like the back of your hand
- laid back
- laid-back
- lash back
- lash back (at someone or something)
- last straw, the
- lead back
- lean back
- lean back against (someone or something)
- lean back on (someone or something)
- lease back
- let me get back to you (on that)
- lie back
- lie back and think of England
- like back
- like the back of a bus
- like water off a duck's back
- live off the backs of (someone)
- live off the backs of someone
- loll back
- look back
- make (one's) way back (to something or some place)
- make (one's)/the hair stand up on the back of (one's) neck
- make a comeback
- make a rod for (one's) own back
- make a rod for your own back
- make the beast with two backs
- make way back
- meanwhile, back at the ranch
- mind your back
- mind your back(s)
- mind your backs!
- monkey off (one's) back
- monkey on (one's) back
- monkey on one's back
- move back
- move the/(one's) clock(s) back
- nail (one's) ears back
- nail (something) back
- nail back
- nail ears back
- never look back
- never/not look back
- no skin off (one's) back
- not in my back yard
- nurse (someone or something) back to health
- nurse back to health
- off (one's) back
- off back
- off someone's back
- off the back of a lorry
- off the back of a truck
- on (one's) back
- on back
- on case
- on one's feet
- on someone's back
- on the back burner
- on the back foot
- on the back of
- on the back of (something)
- on the back of a postage stamp
- on the back of an envelope
- on the pig's back
- on your back
- once you go black, you never go back
- one step forward and two steps back
- one step forward, two steps back
- out back
- out front
- pace back and forth
- pass back
- pat (one) on the back
- pat on the back
- pat someone on the back
- pay (one) a backhanded compliment
- pay (one) back
- pay (one) back in (one's) own coin
- pay (one) back in kind
- pay (one) back with interest
- pay (something) back
- pay back
- pay someone back in their own coin
- pay something back/return something with interest
- payback
- peel back
- pin back
- pin back (one's) ears
- pin back your ears
- pin ears back
- pin someone’s ears back
- pin someone's ears back
- pin your ears back
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