overdose on (something)
To experience an extreme, life-threatening physical reaction to some narcotic, especially heroin, opioids, cocaine, or amphetamines. I thought I was overdosing on my medication when I started losing consciousness like that. My brother eventually overdosed on morphine after getting addicted to it following his surgery.
overdose (someone) (on something)
and overdose someone with somethingto give someone too much of some substance, usually a drug. The police say he overdosed on heroine. Sam overdosed his sister on the cough medicine. She overdosed herself with aspirin.