英语词组break down是什么意思，短语翻译、用法及例句-英语词组固定搭配大全

Idiom

break downbreak down (someone)

to cause someone to become emotional.

Andy broke down and cried several times during his retirement speech.

to weaken someone.

I felt so good, I felt like nothing could break me down or make me sick.

Phr V

break down

breaks, breaking, broke, broken

break down

if a machine or vehicle breaks down, it stops working

His car broke down on the way to work.The washing machine's broken down so I have to wash all our clothes by hand.I broke down (= my car stopped working) just before I got to the bridge.

broken-down

adjective (always before noun)

The shed was full of broken-down machinery and rusty tools.

if a discussion, system, or relationship breaks down, it fails because of a disagreement or problem

Talks between the two countries broke down when the two sides failed to reach an agreement.One in three marriages in Britain breaks down and ends in divorce.

breakdown

noun usually singular

The president has expressed deep disappointment at the breakdown of peace talks.

to be unable to control your feelings and to start to cry

When I told her the news, she broke down.

to become mentally or physically ill because of an unpleasant experience

Two days after the death of his wife he broke down and needed to seek medical help.

breakdown

noun usually singular

He's going to have another breakdown if he carries on working like this.I think she's heading for a nervous breakdown. (= going to become mentally ill)

break down sth or break sth down

to hit a door or wall hard until it falls down

No-one would answer so they broke the door down.

to divide information or a piece of work into smaller parts so that it is easier to understand or deal withoften + into

The project has been broken down into sections for different teams to work on.We can break down the results of the survey by age and gender.

breakdown

noun usually singular

Have you asked for a breakdown of your exam marks?

to change someone's ideas or feelings about something because you think they are wrong

Many women are concerned with breaking down the prejudice they still face at work.The company's resistance to change is gradually being broken down.

breakdown

noun usually singular

Education plays an important role in the breakdown of racial prejudice.

break down (sth) or break (sth) down

if a substance breaks down, or if something breaks it down, it separates into the simple chemical substances from which it is formed

The damaged liver may lose its ability to break down chemicals in the body.

sometimes + into

During digestion, the protein foods we eat are broken down into amino acids.

breakdown

noun singular

The enzyme causes the breakdown of food in the stomach.

Break it down!

(always an order) Australian informal something that you say in order to tell someone to stop being angry or too excited

Just break it down!

break down

1. verb Of a machine, to malfunction or break altogether. I'm afraid the blender is breaking down. It stopped working again today. She didn't come to the party because her car broke down on the way here.

2. verb To fail or cease. Negotiations have broken down again, and I'm starting to worry that we'll never reach an agreement for a new contract.

3. verb To destroy a physical structure. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." I'll break this door down if you don't come out here right now!

4. verb To dismantle a societal obstacle. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." We owe a lot to the pioneering activists of earlier eras, who battled prejudice and broke down barriers.

5. verb To lose control of one's emotions, often sadness, especially after trying not to or after an intense buildup. My mother seemed fine this morning, but she completely broke down at the funeral and cried through the whole thing.

6. verb To methodically explain something step by step. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." Can you break down the healthcare proposal to me? I'm not very well informed about it.

7. verb To reduce something to its component parts. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." If you break down water, it's just hydrogen and oxygen molecules. We need to break down the equipment and pack the truck as quickly as possible once the gig is over.

8. verb To get someone else to do what one wants, often by coercion. In this usage, a noun or pronoun is typically used between "break" and "down." I'll threaten him if I have to—anything to break him down and get that classified information from him. The prosecutor was able to break down the defendant until he confessed.

9. verb To give in to pressure; to acquiesce. If we keep asking mom and dad to get pizza, eventually they'll break down and order it.

10. noun A state of collapse that is typically induced by some form of stress. In this usage, the phrase is typically written as one word. Once I learned the extent of my injuries, I had a complete breakdown and didn't leave my room for weeks. The coup was followed by a complete societal breakdown. The breakdown of our supply line was caused by an excessive demand.

11. noun A methodical, step-by-step explanation of something. In this usage, the phrase is typically written as one word. Can you give me a breakdown of the healthcare proposal? I'm not very well informed about it.

12. An itemized list. In this usage, the phrase is typically written as one word. We'd like to see a breakdown of the bill so we can see everything we've been charged for.

break it down

1. To explain something in steps. I know it can be confusing, but once I break it down for you, I think you'll start to get it.

2. Stop! Quit it! Primarily heard in Australia. You guys are making too much noise—break it down!

break someone down

to force someone to give up and tell secrets or agree to do something. After threats of torture, they broke the spy down. They broke down the agent by threatening violence.

break something down

(into something)

1. to reduce a compound or its structure to its components. Heat will break this down into sodium and a few gases. Will heat break down this substance into anything useful? We broke it into little pieces.

2. to reduce a large numerical total to its subparts and explain each one. She broke the total down into its components. Please break down the total into its parts again. I'll break the total down for you.

3. to discuss the details of something by examining its subparts. (See also something down (for someone)">break something down (for someone).) Let's break this problem down into its parts and deal with each one separately. Breaking down complex problems into their components is almost fun. Let's break this issue down and discuss it.

break something down

1. Lit. to tear something down; to destroy something. They used an ax to break the door down. We broke down the wall with big hammers.

2. Fig. to destroy a social or legal barrier. The court broke a number of legal barriers down this week. They had to break down many social prejudices to manage to succeed.

break something down

(for someone) Fig. to explain something to someone in simple terms or in an orderly fashion. (Alludes to breaking a complex problem into smaller segments which can be explained more easily. See also break something down (into something).) She doesn't understand. You will have to break it down for her. I can help. This is a confusing question. Let me break down the problem for you.

break down (and cry)

to surrender to demands or emotions and cry. Max finally broke down and confessed. I was afraid I would break down and cry from the sadness I felt.

(nervous) breakdown

Fig. a physical and mental collapse brought on by great anxiety over a period of time. After month after month of stress and strain, Sally had a nervous breakdown.

break down

1. Demolish, destroy, either physically or figuratively, as in The carpenters broke down the partition between the bedrooms, or The governor's speeches broke down the teachers' opposition to school reform. [Late 1300s]

2. Separate into constituent parts, analyze. For example, I insisted that they break down the bill into the separate charges for parts and labor, or The chemist was trying to break down the compound's molecules. [Mid-1800s]

3. Stop functioning, cease to be effective or operable, as in The old dishwasher finally broke down. [Mid-1800s]

4. Become distressed or upset; also, have a physical or mental collapse, as in The funeral was too much for her and she broke down in tears, or After seeing all his work come to nothing, he broke down and had to be treated by a psychiatrist . [Late 1800s]

break down

1. To cause something to collapse, especially by hitting it: The firefighters broke down the door of the burning house. The bulldozer pushed at the old wall and broke it down.

2. To collapse, especially as a result of force or pressure; give way: The door finally broke down after I kept hitting it with a club.

3. To cause someone to stop resisting, especially by force or pressure: The police will break you down and make you talk.

4. To stop resisting; accede: My friends kept pleading with me to go to the beach, so I finally broke down and went along with them.

5. To destroy or remove something, especially something viewed as a problem: This political party hopes to break down the barriers between social classes. Let's identify the obstacles and break them down.

6. To stop functioning: The elevator broke down, so please use the stairs.

7. To be a passenger in a vehicle that stops functioning: We're late because we broke down just outside the city.

8. To fail despite effort; come to a stop: The negotiations between the warring nations broke down, and the fighting continued.

9. To suffer an emotional or mental collapse: The stress of my new job was so high that I eventually broke down and couldn't go to work for days.

10. To separate something into parts; take something apart: When the carnival was over, we broke down all the tents. The workers broke down the equipment and put it into storage.

11. To examine or explain something by looking at its parts; analyze something: Break down your story into its main themes and write each part separately. This problem looks very difficult, but if we break it down, it becomes easy to solve.

12. To be divisible into smaller parts: The population of the city breaks down into three main groups: the poor, the rich, and the middle class.

词组	break down
释义	Idiom break down Theme: RUIN [for something] to fall apart; [for something] to stop operating. The air-conditioning broke down, and we got very warm.The car broke down in the parking lot. Idiom break down Theme: ANXIETY - SEVERE [for one] to lose control of one's emotions; [for one] to have a nervous collapse. He couldn't keep going. He finally broke down and wept.I was afraid I'd break down. Idiom break downbreak down (someone) 1. to cause someone to become emotional. Andy broke down and cried several times during his retirement speech. 2. to weaken someone. I felt so good, I felt like nothing could break me down or make me sick. Phr V break down breaks, breaking, broke, broken break down if a machine or vehicle breaks down, it stops working His car broke down on the way to work.The washing machine's broken down so I have to wash all our clothes by hand.I broke down (= my car stopped working) just before I got to the bridge. broken-down adjective (always before noun) The shed was full of broken-down machinery and rusty tools. if a discussion, system, or relationship breaks down, it fails because of a disagreement or problem Talks between the two countries broke down when the two sides failed to reach an agreement.One in three marriages in Britain breaks down and ends in divorce. breakdown noun usually singular The president has expressed deep disappointment at the breakdown of peace talks. to be unable to control your feelings and to start to cry When I told her the news, she broke down. to become mentally or physically ill because of an unpleasant experience Two days after the death of his wife he broke down and needed to seek medical help. breakdown noun usually singular He's going to have another breakdown if he carries on working like this.I think she's heading for a nervous breakdown. (= going to become mentally ill) break down sth or break sth down to hit a door or wall hard until it falls down No-one would answer so they broke the door down. to divide information or a piece of work into smaller parts so that it is easier to understand or deal withoften + into The project has been broken down into sections for different teams to work on.We can break down the results of the survey by age and gender. breakdown noun usually singular Have you asked for a breakdown of your exam marks? to change someone's ideas or feelings about something because you think they are wrong Many women are concerned with breaking down the prejudice they still face at work.The company's resistance to change is gradually being broken down. breakdown noun usually singular Education plays an important role in the breakdown of racial prejudice. break down (sth) or break (sth) down if a substance breaks down, or if something breaks it down, it separates into the simple chemical substances from which it is formed The damaged liver may lose its ability to break down chemicals in the body. sometimes + into During digestion, the protein foods we eat are broken down into amino acids. breakdown noun singular The enzyme causes the breakdown of food in the stomach. Break it down! (always an order) Australian informal something that you say in order to tell someone to stop being angry or too excited Just break it down! break down verb to explain something US, 1965 phrasebreak down1. break down if a vehicle or a machine breaks down, it stops working because there is something wrong with it: I don't believe it - the photocopier's broken down again! A truck broke down half way up the hill, causing a long line of traffic.■ SIMILAR TO: conk out informalbreakdown n C when a vehicle stops working while you are travelling in it, because there is something wrong with it: That's the second breakdown we've had this month.broken-down adj always before noun a broken-down vehicle or machine is old and has stopped working: There was a broken-down car at the side of road, with smoke pouring out of it.2. break down if a discussion, system, relationship etc breaks down, it fails because there are problems or disagreements: According to the statistics, two out of three marriages break down and end in divorce. Negotiations between the two governments broke down last year, when they were unable to reach an agreement.■ SIMILAR TO: collapsebreakdown n C,U when something fails because there are problems or disagreements: a breakdown in communication Marriage breakdown accounts for a large number of one-parent families.3. break down to be unable to control yourself and start to cry, especially in front of other peoplebreak down in tears "You have to help me," O'Neil said, and he broke down in tears.4. break down to become mentally ill because you cannot deal with all your problems or there is too much pressure on you: When her husband died, she broke down completely and had to be looked after by her son. You can't possibly work under this amount of pressure without breaking down in the end.■ SIMILAR TO: crack up informal(nervous) breakdown n C usually singular when you become mentally or physically ill because you cannot deal with all your problems or there is too much pressure on youhave a breakdown Marty needs to relax more, or she'll end up having a nervous breakdown.5. break down sth • *break sth* down** to hit something such as a door or wall so hard that it breaks and falls to the ground: Police broke down the door and searched the building.■ SIMILAR TO: smash down6. break down sth • *break sth* down** to separate something into smaller parts so that you can deal with it or understand it more easily+ into The project has been broken down into a series of tasks which can be carried out in stages. The best way to deal with all this information, is to break it down into categories.breakdown n C an explanation of the details of something, divided into different parts, especially about the cost of something: Can you give me a detailed breakdown of how much the whole thing would cost?7. break down sth • *break sth* down** to change someone's ideas or attitudes, especially when you thing that they are wrong or prevent you from making progress: We aim to break down racial prejudice through education and greater understanding of other cultures. She had hoped that she would eventually be able to break down his coldness, but he remained as distant as ever.■ SIMILAR TO: overcomebreakdown n C usually singular when an idea or tradition ends or is ended: the breakdown of traditional attitudes to work8. break down sth • *break sth* down** to get rid of something that prevents you from doing what you want, especially a situation or system that has existed for a long timebreak down barriers We must continue our efforts to break down the barriers that prevent our companies from competing freely in Europe. Modern telecommunications are breaking down the age-old barriers of time and distance.■ SIMILAR TO: overcome9. break down sth • *break sth* down • break down** if a substance breaks down, or something breaks it down, it changes as a result of a chemical process: Bacteria break down the animal waste to form methane gas.+ into Cabohydrates break down into sugar in the body.breakdown n singular when a substance changes as a result of a chemical process: This illness prevents the breakdown of certain proteins in the digestive system. break down 1. verb Of a machine, to malfunction or break altogether. I'm afraid the blender is breaking down. It stopped working again today. She didn't come to the party because her car broke down on the way here. 2. verb To fail or cease. Negotiations have broken down again, and I'm starting to worry that we'll never reach an agreement for a new contract. 3. verb To destroy a physical structure. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." I'll break this door down if you don't come out here right now! 4. verb To dismantle a societal obstacle. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." We owe a lot to the pioneering activists of earlier eras, who battled prejudice and broke down barriers. 5. verb To lose control of one's emotions, often sadness, especially after trying not to or after an intense buildup. My mother seemed fine this morning, but she completely broke down at the funeral and cried through the whole thing. 6. verb To methodically explain something step by step. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." Can you break down the healthcare proposal to me? I'm not very well informed about it. 7. verb To reduce something to its component parts. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "break" and "down." If you break down water, it's just hydrogen and oxygen molecules. We need to break down the equipment and pack the truck as quickly as possible once the gig is over. 8. verb To get someone else to do what one wants, often by coercion. In this usage, a noun or pronoun is typically used between "break" and "down." I'll threaten him if I have to—anything to break him down and get that classified information from him. The prosecutor was able to break down the defendant until he confessed. 9. verb To give in to pressure; to acquiesce. If we keep asking mom and dad to get pizza, eventually they'll break down and order it. 10. noun A state of collapse that is typically induced by some form of stress. In this usage, the phrase is typically written as one word. Once I learned the extent of my injuries, I had a complete breakdown and didn't leave my room for weeks. The coup was followed by a complete societal breakdown. The breakdown of our supply line was caused by an excessive demand. 11. noun A methodical, step-by-step explanation of something. In this usage, the phrase is typically written as one word. Can you give me a breakdown of the healthcare proposal? I'm not very well informed about it. 12. An itemized list. In this usage, the phrase is typically written as one word. We'd like to see a breakdown of the bill so we can see everything we've been charged for. break it down 1. To explain something in steps. I know it can be confusing, but once I break it down for you, I think you'll start to get it. 2. Stop! Quit it! Primarily heard in Australia. You guys are making too much noise—break it down! break someone down to force someone to give up and tell secrets or agree to do something. After threats of torture, they broke the spy down. They broke down the agent by threatening violence. break something down (into something) 1. to reduce a compound or its structure to its components. Heat will break this down into sodium and a few gases. Will heat break down this substance into anything useful? We broke it into little pieces. 2. to reduce a large numerical total to its subparts and explain each one. She broke the total down into its components. Please break down the total into its parts again. I'll break the total down for you. 3. to discuss the details of something by examining its subparts. (See also something down (for someone)">break something down (for someone).) Let's break this problem down into its parts and deal with each one separately. Breaking down complex problems into their components is almost fun. Let's break this issue down and discuss it. break something down 1. Lit. to tear something down; to destroy something. They used an ax to break the door down. We broke down the wall with big hammers. 2. Fig. to destroy a social or legal barrier. The court broke a number of legal barriers down this week. They had to break down many social prejudices to manage to succeed. break something down (for someone) Fig. to explain something to someone in simple terms or in an orderly fashion. (Alludes to breaking a complex problem into smaller segments which can be explained more easily. See also break something down (into something).) She doesn't understand. You will have to break it down for her. I can help. This is a confusing question. Let me break down the problem for you. break down (and cry) to surrender to demands or emotions and cry. Max finally broke down and confessed. I was afraid I would break down and cry from the sadness I felt. (nervous) breakdown Fig. a physical and mental collapse brought on by great anxiety over a period of time. After month after month of stress and strain, Sally had a nervous breakdown. break down 1. Demolish, destroy, either physically or figuratively, as in The carpenters broke down the partition between the bedrooms, or The governor's speeches broke down the teachers' opposition to school reform. [Late 1300s] 2. Separate into constituent parts, analyze. For example, I insisted that they break down the bill into the separate charges for parts and labor, or The chemist was trying to break down the compound's molecules. [Mid-1800s] 3. Stop functioning, cease to be effective or operable, as in The old dishwasher finally broke down. [Mid-1800s] 4. Become distressed or upset; also, have a physical or mental collapse, as in The funeral was too much for her and she broke down in tears, or After seeing all his work come to nothing, he broke down and had to be treated by a psychiatrist . [Late 1800s] break down v. 1. To cause something to collapse, especially by hitting it: The firefighters broke down the door of the burning house. The bulldozer pushed at the old wall and broke it down. 2. To collapse, especially as a result of force or pressure; give way: The door finally broke down after I kept hitting it with a club. 3. To cause someone to stop resisting, especially by force or pressure: The police will break you down and make you talk. 4. To stop resisting; accede: My friends kept pleading with me to go to the beach, so I finally broke down and went along with them. 5. To destroy or remove something, especially something viewed as a problem: This political party hopes to break down the barriers between social classes. Let's identify the obstacles and break them down. 6. To stop functioning: The elevator broke down, so please use the stairs. 7. To be a passenger in a vehicle that stops functioning: We're late because we broke down just outside the city. 8. To fail despite effort; come to a stop: The negotiations between the warring nations broke down, and the fighting continued. 9. To suffer an emotional or mental collapse: The stress of my new job was so high that I eventually broke down and couldn't go to work for days. 10. To separate something into parts; take something apart: When the carnival was over, we broke down all the tents. The workers broke down the equipment and put it into storage. 11. To examine or explain something by looking at its parts; analyze something: Break down your story into its main themes and write each part separately. This problem looks very difficult, but if we break it down, it becomes easy to solve. 12. To be divisible into smaller parts: The population of the city breaks down into three main groups: the poor, the rich, and the middle class.
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