| 词组 | do |
| 释义 | do /duː/ verb to perform an action or activitydo + nounsdo a job/task Machines are doing jobs that humans used to do.do work/housework/homework She was too tired to do any work. | I’ve been doing the housework all day. | My parents don’t let me go out unless I’ve done my homework.do business The company does a lot of business in China.do something/nothing/anything My son lies on the sofa and does nothing all day.do sports/exercise The doctor says I need to do more exercise.do a test/exam/course/class Everyone has to do a fitness test. | She wants to do a course in French at Leeds University.do an essay/report I’m doing an essay on Jane Austen.do research/an experiment/a study A lot of experiments have been done by psychologists on this topic. | Fraser spent some time in Egypt doing archaeological research.do a talk/presentation I was asked to do a talk at the conference.do a check/inspection/search Customs officers are doing a check on the company.do an investigation/survey The police did a thorough investigation but they found no new evidence.do a calculation She did a quick calculation on a piece of paper.do a drawing/painting/picture/sketch He did a picture of an old farmer. do an operation The surgeon who did the operation said it was too early to say whether it was a success.do some repairs They are doing some repairs to the roof.You often use do when talking about everyday household tasks – do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/cooking: Who does the cooking in your family? do the dishes/laundry: Can you do the dishes for me (=wash them)? do your hair/make-up: She’s upstairs doing her make-up (=putting it on).THESAURUS: do makedecision | choice | mistake | speech | statement | announcement | suggestion | progress | change used with certain nouns when saying that someone does something, for example decides, says, or changes something: The committee will make its final decision tomorrow. | I want to make the best possible choice for the future. | The newspaper admitted that it had made a mistake. | He made a speech about the need for more nurses. | Can I make a suggestion? | His teacher says he has made good progress at school. | Companies are having to make major changes to adjust to new market conditions. givespeech | talk | presentation | class | lecture | performance to do something such as talk or perform in front of an audience: Lieberman is giving a speech today about the need to protect children when they are using the internet. | Chris will give an illustrated talk on his expedition to Greenland. | We’ve arranged for her to give a short presentation at the next meeting of the Council. | He is due to give a lecture on the future of British politics. | Nicole Kidman gave a brilliant performance in the film. taketest | exam | bath | shower | walk | drive | ride | swim to do something – used about tests and everyday actions such as going for a walk or having a shower: Kate’s taking her driving test tomorrow. | I think I’ll go and take a shower. | They took long walks in the woods. | He had taken a swim in the bay near his summer home.British speakers often use have instead of take, and say have a bath/shower/walk/swim.You can also say go for a walk/drive/swim. commitcrime | offence | murder | robbery | act | suicide | sin | atrocity to do something that is a crime, or something that people strongly disapprove of: The crime was committed in the early hours of Sunday morning. | He was one of the men who committed the robbery. | The group were planning to commit acts of terrorism. | She tried to commit suicide because she was being bullied at school (=tried to kill herself). | He will be punished for the sins he has committed. | The army committed atrocities against the civilian population (=did extremely shocking things).You don’t say do a crime/offence. However, when you are talking about a particular crime, you can say that someone was the person who did the murder/robbery/burglary. carry outwork | task | duties | research | study | test | experiment | operation | investigation | search | survey | business | attack | robbery | punishment | execution to do something, especially in a carefully planned way: The work is being carried out in the university laboratory. | He was unable to carry out his duties because he was too ill. | Scientists have been carrying out research into the effects of the drug. | We are currently carrying out tests to find out the cause of the problem. | The operation was carried out by a team of surgeons. | They carried out a survey on people’s attitudes to work. | A fire at the factory prevented the company from carrying out its business. | The group has carried out a number of bomb attacks. | The punishment was carried out in the city’s main square.You also use carry out when you do what you have said you will do: The union carried out their threat and went on strike. You also use it when you do what another person has told you to do: I was only carrying out your orders. The staff carried out her instructions. conduct formalresearch | study | test | experiment | investigation | inquiry | search | survey | ceremony | business | operation | interview to do something, especially in a carefully planned way. Conduct means the same as carry out, but it sounds more formal and official: The center is well-equipped for training doctors and for conducting medical research. | The study was conducted by Liverpool University for the National Rivers Authority. | North Korea announced that it had conducted a nuclear test. | The police are conducting an investigation into the cause of the fire. | They conducted a survey of approximately 2,000 people living in the area. | The ceremony was conducted by the Bishop of Lincoln. | The whole purpose of conducting business is to make money. | The interview was conducted in English. perform formaltask | duties | operation | surgery | ceremony | analysis | research | study | experiment | calculation | action to do something: The job mostly involves performing administrative tasks. | The officer continued to perform his normal duties. | Surgeons performed an emergency operation to save the baby. | We asked our local priest to perform the ceremony. | Do you think it is right to perform experiments on animals? | The children have to perform these actions in time to the music. undertake formalinvestigation | inspection | review | research | study | survey | project | programme to do something, especially something complicated or something that needs a lot of effort, which you are responsible for: The company is undertaking a full investigation into the allegations. | The lawyers were asked to undertake a review of all the available documents. | Erikson undertook a major study of Burma. | Rowntree undertook a survey of poverty in rural areas. | All final year students have to undertake a research project. | The Department will undertake a programme to reduce accidents. implementpolicy | plan | system | programme | decision | recommendation | proposal | change | reform | measure to do something that has been officially planned or agreed: The government continued to implement its policy of radical economic reform. | The Americans hope to implement the plan by November. | The company had to abandon plans to implement the new system because of financial difficulties. | Managers are expected to implement decisions rather than deciding on the overall direction of the company. | Schools will have three months in which to implement the changes. | The Socialist government resisted implementing economic reforms. | If these measures are implemented, they will cause long delays for passengers (=official decisions that are intended to deal with something).FormalityOften the same noun can be used with a range of different verbs, depending on the formality. For example carry out research/a study/an experiment/an operation sounds neutral. Do research/a study/an experiment/an operation sounds more informal and is typically used in spoken English. Perform research/a study/an experiment/an operation sounds more formal and is typically used in written English. |
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