go /BrEgəʊ; NAmEgoʊ/ (goes /BrEgəʊz; NAmEgoʊz/ , went /went/ , gone /BrEgɒn; NAmEgɔːn, gɑːn/ ) NOTEBeen is used as the past participle of go when sb has gone somewhere and come back.当表示去某处后已返回时，go 的过去分词用 been。► SEE ALLgo about, etc. go about sthgo about sthgo about doing sthgo acrossgo across sthgo after sb/sthgo against sbgo against sb/sthgo against sthgo aheadgo alonggo alonggo along sthgo along with sb/sthgo around go aroundgo around sthgo aroundgo around sthgo around doing sthgo around sb/sthgo around sthgo around with sbgo around togethergo at sbgo at sthgo awaygo away with sthgo backgo back…go back on sthgo back over sthgo back to sthgo back to sthgo back to doing sthgo before go before sb/sthgo beyond sthgo bygo bygo by sb/sthgo by sthgo downgo downgo down sthgo down on sb go down to sthgo down with sth go for sb/sthgo for sthgo forth go forwardgo ingo ingo in sthgo into sthgo ingo into sthgo in for sth go in for sthgo in for doing sthgo in with sb (on sth)go into sthgo offgo offgo off sthgo off (on sb)go off sb/sth go off with sbgo off with sthgo ongo ongo on sthgo on sthgo on sthgo on doing sthgo outgo outgo out of sthgo out for sth go out of sb/sthgo out to sbgo overgo overgo over sthgo over sthgo over to sb/sthgo pastgo pastgo past sb/sthgo round go throughgo throughgo through sthgo through sbgo through sb/sthgo through sthgo through with sthgo to it go to sb/sthgo to sthgo togethergo towards sthgo towards doing sthgo undergo under sthgo upgo upgo up sthgo up against sb/sth go up to sthgo with sb go with sb/sth go with sthgo withoutgo without sthgo without doing sth●ˌgo aˈbout, etc. (BrE) ➡go around, etc.●ˈgo about sthto continue to do sth in your usual way, especially after sth unusual has happened; to keep busy with sth（尤指不同寻常的事情发生后）继续做某事，继续忙于某事◆Everybody was going about their business as usual. 大家照常各忙各的事。OBJyour business, the business of…, work, task[v + prep]●ˌgo aˈbout sth●ˌgo aˈbout doing sthto start to work at sth; to approach or deal with sth开始做；着手处理◆I want to help, but I don’t know how to go about it. 我想帮忙，可不知道如何帮。◆How should I go about finding a job? 我该怎样着手找工作呢？◆You’re not going about it the right way. 你这样做不对头。◆It seems a strange way of going about things. 这种处事方法好像很奇怪。OBJthings SYNset about sth, set about doing sth, tackle sth[v + prep]●ˌgo aˈcross●ˌgo aˈcross sthto cross a room, a road, a river, etc. in order to get to the other side通过，穿过（房间、道路、河流等）◆We borrowed a boat and went across to the island. 我们借了条船到岛上去。◆Can you go across the road to the store for me? 你能替我到马路对面的商店去跑一趟吗？[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈafter sb/sth1.to chase or follow a person or an animal to try to catch them追赶；跟在…后面◆He went after the burglars. 他追赶那些窃贼。◆Aren’t you going to go after her to see if she’s all right? 你要不要跟着她，看看她是不是没事？2.to try to get or obtain sb/sth追求；谋求◆We’re both going after the same job. 我们俩都在谋求得到同一份工作。[v + prep]●ˌgo aˈgainst sbif a result, a judgement, etc. goes against sb, it is not in their favour or to their advantage（结果、判决等）对（某人）不利◆The jury’s verdict went against him. 陪审团的裁决对他不利。◆The war is going against us. 战争变得对我们不利。[v + prep]●ˌgo aˈgainst sb/sthto resist or oppose sb/sth; to act in a different way from what sb tells you or advises you to do反抗；反对；与…相背离◆Anyone who goes against me will be punished. 任何人与我作对都将受到惩罚。◆He was going against his doctor’s advice by continuing to work. 他没有遵照医嘱，而是继续工作。◆Don’t go against your parents’ wishes. 不要违背你父母的意愿。➡ note at stand up to sb/sth[v + prep]●ˌgo aˈgainst sthto be opposed to sth; to not fit or agree with sth违反；与…不符（或相悖）◆This goes against everything I believe in. 这完全与我的信念背道而驰。◆Paying for my children’s education goes against my principles. 负担孩子们的教育费有违我的原则。OBJprinciples, beliefs[v + prep] ●go against the ˈgrainto be sth different from what is normal or natural for you and so sth you do not like doing背离本性（或意愿）◆It went against the grain to have to agree with my brother. 我同意我哥哥实属无奈。●ˌgo aˈhead🔑1. ( ˌgo aˈhead of sb) to go in front of other people who are going in the same direction as you and arrive before them走在（某人）前面；先走◆She went ahead of him into the house. 她在他前面进了屋子。◆You go ahead and we’ll follow when we’re ready. 你先走一步，我们准备好了随后就去。2. (of a plan, a project, a deal, etc.计划、项目、交易等) to be carried out or happen实施；进行◆The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned. 新桥的修建将按计划进行。◆Filming went ahead in spite of the bad weather. 尽管天气不好，但电影的摄制照常进行。SYNproceed (formal) 3.(with sth)if sb goes ahead with sth, they do it, although there may be a problem, or sb may have objected or expressed doubts（遇到困难、反对或障碍时仍然）进行◆In spite of her illness, Anna decided to go ahead with the wedding. 尽管生了病，安娜还是决定照常举行婚礼。◆‘May I start now? ’ ‘Yes, go ahead (= I give you permission).’ “我现在可以开始了吗？”“可以，开始吧。”SYNproceed(with sth)[v + adv]1also[v + adv + prep]▸the ˈgo-ahead
noun
[singular] permission or approval for sth to start准许；许可◆Has the boss given you the go-ahead for the project? 老板批准你这个项目了吗？▸ˈgo-ahead
adjective
[usually before noun] (BrE) trying hard to be successful, often by using new methods and ideas雄心勃勃的；锐意进取的；有开拓精神的◆a go-ahead company 充满开拓精神的公司●ˌgo aˈlong1.to progress; to develop or improve进展；发展；改进◆Things are going along nicely. 进展良好。2.(to sth) (with sb)to go somewhere or to an event with sb（陪某人）去（某处），去参加（某活动）◆I went along to the club a couple of times. 我去过那家俱乐部几次。◆Sam said he’d go along to the party with us. 萨姆说他要和我们一起去参加聚会。3. (especially NAmE) to do what sb else suggests or does听从建议；效仿某人◆Whatever Ed said, Max went right along. 埃德无论说什么，马克斯都照做。[v + adv] ●as you go aˈlongwhile you are doing sth在做某事的同时◆He made the story up as he went along. 这个故事是他现编现讲的。◆I was never taught how to use a computer. I just picked it up as I went along. 从来没人教我如何使用计算机。我只是边用边学。●ˌgo aˈlong●ˌgo aˈlong sthto move forward or from one end of sth towards the other向前走；沿着…移动◆The bus rattled as it went along. 公共汽车咣啷咣啷地往前开着。◆I went along a dark narrow passage, past several doors. 我沿着一条黑暗狭窄的通道向前走，经过了几道门。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo aˈlong with sb/sth1. (especially BrE) to agree with sb/sth同意；赞同◆I can’t go along with you on that point. 在那一点上我不敢苟同。2.to accept sth or do sth, especially when you do not really want to（不情愿地）接受，做（某事）◆They didn’t like the idea, but they went along with it. 他们不喜欢这个主意，可还是接受了。◆I didn’t want to make him angry, so I just went along with him (= I didn’t argue with him). 我不想惹他生气，所以就不同他争辩。SYNfall in with sth (BrE) ➡ note at agree to sth[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo aˈround (NAmE) ➡go round●ˌgo aˈround🔑●ˌgo aˈround sth🔑 (BrE alsoˌgo ˈround, ˌgo ˈround sth) 1.to visit a group of people or places, one by one逐一见某人（或到某处）；走遍◆I’ll go around and check all the doors are locked. 我挨处走走，看看所有的门都锁上了没有。◆We spent all afternoon going round the shops. 我们整整一下午都在四处逛商店。◆She went round the table and said goodbye to everyone. 她和一桌人一一道别。2. (of a note, etc.字条等) to be sent round a group of people so that everyone can read it被传阅◆A card’s going around for people to sign. 传给大家的一张贺卡是供签名用的。◆A memo went around the department. 部门内传阅了一份通知。3. (BrE alsoˌgo aˈbout, ˌgo aˈbout sth) if a piece of news, an illness, etc. goes around, it spreads from one person to another（在…）流传，传播◆There’s a rumour going around that Sam and Kate are having an affair. 谣传萨姆和凯特之间关系暧昧。◆There’s a nasty virus going round the school. 一种恶性病毒正在这所学校传播。SYNfloat around, float around sth4.to move or be placed in a circle旋转；转动◆The cyclist was going round the roundabout the wrong way. 那个骑自行车的人在环形交叉路口拐错了弯。◆The earth goes round the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。◆ (figurative) We’re going round in circles in this argument. 我们一直在这个论点上兜圈子。➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析go around circle (sth) ◇ go round/around (sth) ◇ revolve (round/around sth) ◇ rotate ◇ spin (round/around sth) ◇ turn These verbs all mean to move around a central point.这些动词都表示旋转、转动、绕转。 circle (sth) to move in a circle, especially in the air（尤指在空中）旋转，盘旋，环绕Birds were circling overhead.鸟儿在头顶上盘桓。The plane had to circle the airport for another 30 minutes before landing.着陆前，飞机不得不在机场上空又盘旋了 30 分钟。 go round / around (sth) to spin or move around in a circle（绕…）旋转，转动The wheel was going round and round.轮子在转个不停。The earth goes around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。 revolve (round / around sth) to move in a circle around a central point旋转；转动；绕转People used to think that the sun revolved around the earth.过去人们认为太阳绕着地球转。The ceiling fan revolved slowly overhead.吊扇在头顶上慢慢转动。 rotate to move in a circle around a fixed central point旋转；转动；绕转Make sure that the propeller can rotate freely.要确保螺旋桨能不受阻碍地旋转。 spin (round / around sth) to turn round and round quickly（绕…）快速旋转The dancers spun round and round.跳舞的人不停地旋转。The Earth spins around a central axis.地球绕中心轴旋转。 turn to move around a central point旋转；转动The wheels of the car began to turn.车轮开始转起来。 WHICH WORD? When sth rotates or spins, it usually moves around its own centre; when sth revolves, it usually moves around a point outside itself. Rotate, spin and turn can be used with a direct object with the meaning of ‘make sth go round’ * rotate 或 spin 通常指围绕自身的中心转动； revolve 通常指围绕自身以外的中心点转动。rotate、spin 和 turn 可与直接宾语连用，表示“使转动”Rotate the wheel through 180 degrees.将轮子旋转 180 度。Spin the coin.转动硬币。Turn the wheel slowly.慢慢转动轮子。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSto spin / circle / rotate / revolve about sthto spin / turn / rotate faster (and faster) / rapidly / quicklyto spin / turn / circle / rotate / revolve slowly5.to be enough for everyone to have a share足够分给每个人；足够每人一份◆There aren’t enough chairs to go round. 椅子不够坐。◆Is there enough food to go around all the guests? 食物够分给所有客人吗？6.to move around the outside of sth in order to get past sth or get to the other side绕道；绕过◆We didn’t go into the city. We went around it. 我们没有进城。我们绕了过去。◆Because of the flood, we had to go round by the minor roads to get to school. 由于洪水，我们只好走小道绕行去学校。7.to travel in a country or place and visit lots of different things周游；遍览◆We travel around by bus. 我们乘公共汽车到各处旅行。◆They’re saving up to go around the world. 他们正在攒钱准备周游世界。◆We’re planning to go round visiting all the temples. 我们打算游遍所有庙宇。8.to visit every part of a room or building（在房间或建筑物内）到处走动，看遍各处◆How long does it take to go around the museum? 把这座博物馆转遍需要多长时间？◆A guide will go round with you. 导游将带你去各处参观。[v + adv][v + prep] ●what ˌgoes around ˈcomes aroundwhatever happens now will have an effect in the future种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆；善有善报，恶有恶报●ˌgo aˈround●ˌgo aˈround sth●ˌgo aˈround doing sth (BrE alsoˌgo ˈround/about, ˌgo ˈround/about sth, ˌgo ˈround/aˈbout doing sth) to dress or behave in a particular way; to do sth regularly以某种方式穿着（或行动）；经常做（某事）◆She goes around barefoot most of the time. 她大部分时间光着脚。◆It’s not safe to go about the streets alone. 独自在大街上行走不安全。◆You can’t go round spreading rumours like that. 你不能那样传谣。◆The kids went around in gangs, dressed completely in black. 孩子们穿着一身黑衣，结伙行动。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo aˈround sb/sth (BrE alsoˌgo ˈround sb/sth) to surround or go in a circle around sb/sth包围；环绕◆I felt his arm going around my shoulder. 我感觉到他的胳膊搂着我的肩膀。◆The belt won’t go round my waist! 我的皮带不够长了！[v + prep]●ˌgo aˈround sth (BrE alsoˌgo ˈround sth) to move or travel around a corner绕过（拐角）◆The car’s tyres screeched as it went round the bend. 汽车转弯时，轮胎发出尖厉的声音。◆Maggie watched until Jess had gone around the corner and was out of sight. 玛吉一直目送杰斯绕过拐角处，从视线中消失。OBJ onlycorner, bend[v + prep] ●go round the ˈbend/ˈtwist (informal, especially BrE) to go crazy发疯；疯狂◆If I have to stay in this place another day, I’ll go round the bend! 我要是非得在这个地方再呆上一天，我会疯掉的！●ˌgo aˈround with sb●ˌgo aˈround together (BrE alsoˌgo aˈbout/ˈround with sb, ˌgo aˈbout/ˈround together) (becomingold-fashioned) to spend a lot of time with sb or with a group of people和（某人或一伙人）泡在一块儿◆Ann goes around with Sue. 安和休形影不离。◆Ann and Sue go around together. 安和休形影相随。◆These are the people I used to go around with. 我以前就是和这些人经常混在一起。SYNhang around with sb, etc.[v + adv + prep][v + adv + adv]●ˈgo at sbto attack sb进攻，攻击（某人）◆He went at me like a wild animal. 他像头野兽一样向我扑来。[v + prep]●ˈgo at sthto make great efforts to do sth; to work hard and with enthusiasm at sth拼命干；卖力干◆They went at the job as if their lives depended on it. 他们玩命似的干起活来。◆He was going at the food as though he hadn’t eaten for days. 他狼吞虎咽，好像好几天没吃饭似的。[v + prep] ●go at it ˌhammer and ˈtongsif two people go at it hammer and tongs, they argue or fight with a lot of energy and noise（两人）激烈争吵（或厮打）●ˌgo aˈway🔑1.to leave a place or a person离开；走开◆Go away! You’re annoying me! 走开！你烦死我了！◆Go away and think about it a bit. 到一边去想一想。➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析go away clear off ◇ clear out ◇ depart ◇ get away ◇ go away ◇ leave (sth) These verbs all mean to go away from a person or place.这些动词都表示离开、离去、走开。 clear off (informal) to leave a place quickly because you do not want to be found there or sb does not want you there迅速离开；溜走；逃走They cleared off as soon as the police arrived.警察一到他们便溜了。Clear off!快走开！ clear out (informal) to leave a place quickly, especially taking all your things with you（尤指携带所有个人物品）迅速离开He cleared out with the money and left her with the kids.他带着钱跑了，把孩子留给了她。 depart to leave a place, especially to start a trip离开；（尤指）起程，动身She waited until the last of the guests had departed.她一直等到最后一位客人离去。 get away to succeed in leaving a place得以离开；脱身I won't be able to get away from the office before seven.我七点钟前无法离开办公室。 go away (used especially in orders) to leave a person or place（尤用于命令）离开，走开Just go away and leave me alone!走开，别烦我！It's been over seven years since he went away.自他走后，已经七年多了。 NOTEGo can be used on its own * go 可单独使用I must be going now.我现在得走了。 leave (sth) to go away from a place离开If we leave now, we should make it in time.现在动身的话，我们应该能赶得及。Are you ready to leave yet?准备好走了吗？John says he left the restaurant at around midnight.约翰说他午夜时分离开了饭馆。 WHICH WORD? In ordinary speech, depart is formal, but it is the usual official word used about planes, trains, etc. that are leaving在日常口语中，depart 属正式用语，但它通常用于表示飞机起飞、火车开动等This train will depart in three minutes.本次列车将在三分钟后发车。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSto leave / depart for…to plan to / be about to / be going to leave / go / depart / go awayto decide to / intend to / refuse to leave / go / go awayto be ready to / be forced to leave / go / departto tell sb to leave / go / go away / clear offto leave / go / depart / go away at once / in a hurry / now / soon2.to leave home for a period of time, especially for a holiday/vacation离家外出（尤指度假）◆They went away for the weekend. 他们周末外出了。◆Are you going away on holiday this year? 你今年要去度假吗？◆She goes away on business a lot. 她经常出差。3.to disappear gradually逐渐消失◆The smell still hasn’t gone away. 气味还没散。◆Has your headache gone away? 你头不疼了吧？◆The longing never went away. 这种渴望从未消失。OPPcome back[v + adv]●ˌgo aˈway with sthto leave a place with a particular feeling or impression带着（某种感觉或印象）离开◆I don’t want people to go away with the wrong idea. 我不希望人们带着错误的想法离开。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈback🔑1.(to sth/…)to return to a place where you were before回到，返回（原地）◆Can we go back inside? 我们可以回到里面了吗？◆I made a cup of tea and went back to bed. 我泡了杯茶，又回到床上。◆When are you going back to Australia? 你什么时候回澳大利亚？➡ note at come back2.(to sth)to return to school or work after a break（休假后）返校，回去工作◆The children have to go back to school next week. 孩子们下个星期就得返校了。3.(to sb/sth)to be in a situation that you were in before回到（某人处）；恢复（从前的状态）◆We can never go back to how things were before (= in a relationship, for example). 我们永远不可能回到从前了。◆Once you have taken this decision, there’s no going back. 你一旦作出这个决定就无法回头了。◆I don’t think Emily will go back to her husband (= live with him again). 我认为埃米莉不会回到丈夫的身边。4.(to sth)to return to work after being on strike（罢工后）复工◆The strikers won’t go back (to work) until they get a pay rise. 罢工的人要得到加薪才肯复工。5.(to sth) (informal) (of sth that you have bought or borrowed买的或借的东西) to be returned to the place where you got it被退回；被归还◆This toaster will have to go back to the shop—it doesn’t work properly. 烤面包机得退回商店去——它是坏的。◆When does this video have to go back? 这盘录像带什么时候要还？6. (of clocks and watches钟表) to be set to an earlier time when the time changes at the end of summer（夏令时结束之际）拨回原来的时间◆The clocks go back tonight. We get an extra hour in bed. 今晚时钟要拨回原来的时间了。我们可以多睡一个小时。OPPgo forward[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈback…1.if two people go back a period of time, they have known each other and have been friends for that time相识，已认识（一段时间）◆Adam and I go back a long way. 亚当和我是老相识了。2. ( ˌgo ˈback to sth) to have existed since a particular time in the past追溯到；回溯到◆Our friendship goes back fifteen years. 我们的友谊开始于十五年前。◆This tradition goes back to medieval times. 这个传统可上溯到中世纪。SYNdate back…, date back to sth3. ( ˌgo ˈback to sth) to consider sth that happened in the past回忆起，回到（先前的事）◆To trace the origins of the problem, we have to go back to the 18th century. 要对这个问题追根溯源，我们必须回到 18 世纪。◆I’m going back a few years now… (= I’m talking about sth that happened some years ago) 我现在要谈的是几年前的事…[v + adv]2, 3also[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈback on sthto fail to keep a promise; to change your mind about sth违约；改变主意◆She never goes back on her word(= fails to do what she has said she will do). 她从不食言。◆He went back on his promise. 他违背了诺言。◆I don’t like to go back on what I said. 我不喜欢出尔反尔。OBJyour promise, your word[v + adv + prep]●go ˈback over sthto think about sth again or often（再次或经常）忆起，回顾◆I went back over the day’s events in my mind. 我回想了一下当天发生的事。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈback to sth1.to start talking about sth again回到，重谈（原来的话题）◆To go back to what you were saying before… 回到你之前的话题…SYNreturn to sth2.➡go back… (2)3.➡go back… (3)[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈback to sth●ˌgo ˈback to doing sth1.to start doing sth again that you had stopped doing重新开始；重操旧业◆Tom turned over and went back to sleep. 汤姆翻了个身又睡着了。◆I wouldn’t go back to living in the city. 我不会回城里住的。◆She’s decided to go back to teaching. 她已决定重新执教。◆John’s going back to college to get some more qualifications. 约翰要重返大学继续深造。2. (of a situation状况) to return to what it was before sth else happened复原；恢复◆Things haven’t gone back to normal yet. 局势尚未恢复正常。SYNreturn to sth[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo beˈfore (literary) (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to exist or happen in an earlier time先前存在；以往发生◆The present crisis is worse than any that have gone before. 目前的危机比以往历次都严重。NOTEGo before is usually used in the past or perfect tenses. * go before 通常用于过去时或完成时。[v + adv]●ˈgo before sb/sth (of a legal case, a proposal or an issue案件、提议或议题) to be presented to sb/sth so that they can discuss it or make a decision or a judgement about it提交给…审议（或作出决定、裁决）◆When does his case go before the judge? 他的案子何时提交给法官审理？[v + prep]●ˌgo beˈyond sthto be greater, better, etc. than sth超出；越出◆The price we got for the painting went beyond all our expectations. 那幅画卖出的价钱大大超出我们的预期。◆The matter has gone beyond a joke(= has become very serious and is no longer amusing). 这件事已经不是闹着玩的了。SYNexceed sth (formal) [v + prep]●ˌgo ˈby🔑 (of time时间) to pass流逝；过去◆As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse. 随着时间的推移，我的记忆似乎每况愈下。◆The weeks went slowly by. 时间一周一周慢慢过去了。◆Hardly a day went by without Anthony’s name being mentioned. 安东尼的名字几乎每天都被提到。[v + adv]➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析go by elapse ◇ go by ◇ pass ◇ progress ◇ tick away ◇ wear on These are all verbs that can be used to talk about time moving forward.这些动词都表示时间流逝。 elapse (not usually used in the progressive tenses) (formal) (of time) to pass（时间）流逝，消逝Many years elapsed before they met again.过了很多年他们才重逢。 go by (of time) to pass（时间）逝去，过去Things will get easier as time goes by.随着时间的推移，事情会变得容易。The weeks went slowly by.时间一周一周慢慢过去了。 pass if an hour, day, year, etc. passes, it moves forward in time（小时、日、年等）流逝，过去Six months passed and we still had no news of them.六个月过去了，我们仍没有他们的音讯。 progress (of time, an event or an activity) to pass（时间）逝去；（事件或活动）进展，进行The weather became colder as the day progressed.天气一天天冷起来。 tick away (of time) to pass, especially when there is not much time to do sth（时间）流逝，过去（尤指时间紧迫时）I had to get to the airport by two, and the minutes were ticking away.我必须两点钟赶到机场，时间在一分一秒地过去。 wear on (of time) to pass, especially in a way that seems slow（时间尤其缓慢地）流逝，过去As the party wore on, she became more and more tired.随着聚会的进行，她越来越累。 WHICH WORD? Wear on and progress are mainly used to say that a situation developed during a particular period of time * wear on 和 progress 主要用于表示在特定时期形成了某种局面The situation worsened as the year wore on.一年中，随着时间的流逝，局势更趋恶化。The visiting team's confidence increased as the game progressed.随着比赛的进行，客队场上信心越来越足。 You cannot usually use progress and wear on with hours, days, etc. as the subject. * progress 和 wear on 通常不可用 hour、day 等作主语。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSa day / a night / a year / time goes by / passes / elapses / wears on / progresses / ticks awaydays / hours go by / pass / elapse / tick awaytime goes by / passes / wears on / ticks away slowly / uneventfullytime goes by / passes quickly●ˈgo by🔑●ˈgo by sb/sth🔑1.to pass sb/sth without stopping（从…旁边）路过，走过◆Did you see a boy go by on a bicycle? 你见到过一个男孩骑自行车打这儿经过吗？◆We sat and watched the world go by(= watched people passing). 我们坐在那儿看着眼前人来人往。◆They waved to us as we went by the window. 我们经过窗口时，他们向我们招手。SYNpass by, pass by sb/sth2. (NAmE) to stop somewhere or visit sb for a short time, often on your way to somewhere else（顺路）在…暂留，短暂拜访（某人）◆I’ll go by and see him on my way home. 我回家时将会顺便去看看他。◆Would you go by the grocery store for me? 你顺便替我去趟杂货店好吗？SYNdrop by, stop by[v + adv][v + prep]●ˈgo by sth1.to be guided or directed by sth; to form an opinion or a judgement from sth遵循；依照；以…来判断◆That’s a good rule to go by. 参照这个规则准错不了。◆If past experience is anything to go by, Tom will be late! 从以往的经验来看，汤姆会迟到的！◆I shall go entirely by what my solicitor says. 我将完全照我律师说的做。2.to call yourself a particular name, which may not be your real name自称为…（可能不是真名）◆For her crime novels, she goes by the name of Monica Simon. 她的犯罪小说署名是莫妮卡・西蒙。OBJ onlythe name of…[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈdown🔑1.(to…/sth) (from…/sth)to travel from one place to another, especially from the north of a country to the south（从一处）到（另一处）（尤指南下）◆We’re going down to London next week. 我们下个星期要南下到伦敦去。OPPgo up2.to fall to the ground倒下；落下；倒在地上◆She tripped and went down with a bump. 她绊了一下，重重摔倒在地上。3.to become lower or smaller; to fall减低；变小；下降◆The price of petrol is going down / Petrol is going down (in price). 汽油价格正在下跌。◆The temperature went down by ten degrees overnight. 气温一夜间下降了 10 度。◆Rental costs have gone down (£50) since last year. 去年以来，租金下降了（50 英镑）。◆The floodwaters are going down. 洪水水位在回落。◆Membership numbers have gone down recently. 会员人数最近减少了。◆The swelling has gone down a little. 肿块稍微消了点。SYNdrop, fall OPPgo up➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析go down decline ◇ decrease ◇ drop ◇ fall ◇ go down ◇ slump These verbs are all used to talk about a reduction in amount, level or number.这些动词都表示下降、下跌、下滑。 decline to become lower or less in level, number, size, strength or importance（水平、数字、大小、实力或重要性）下降，下滑，衰落The number of tourists visiting the resort declined by 10% last year.去年该度假地的游客人数下降了 10%。 decrease to fall in number or level（数字或水平）减少，下跌The number of students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.今年学生从 210 人减少到 160 人。Donations have decreased significantly in recent years.近年捐赠显著减少。 drop (not used in the progressive tenses) to become lower or less in level, number, or strength（水平、数字或实力）下降，降低The temperature has dropped considerably.气温已大幅下降。The team have dropped to fifth place.该队排名下滑到第五位。The wind dropped.风小了。 fall to become lower or less in level, number, or strength（水平、数字或实力）下降，降低Their profits have fallen by 30%.他们的利润下滑了 30%。The temperature fell sharply in the night.夜间气温骤降。Share prices fell 30p.股票价格跌了 30 便士。 go down to become less in level or value（水平或价值）下降，降低，下跌The temperature sometimes goes down to minus thirty.气温有时会降到零下三十度。Coffee is going down in price.咖啡价格正在下跌。 NOTECome down is used when prices, etc. return to their previous level * come down 用于指价格等回落到先前的水平The price of gas is coming down again.煤气价格又降了。 slump (not used in the progressive tenses) (especiallybusiness商业) to fall in price, value or number, suddenly and by a large amount（价格、价值或数字）突降，锐减，暴跌Profits slumped by over 50%.利润暴跌了 50% 以上。 WHICH WORD? In many cases you can use any of these verbs在多数情况下，这些动词可通用Sales have fallen / declined / dropped by 20%.销售额下降了 20%。 They can all be used to talk about numbers, levels, rates, prices, profits and sales. To talk about a loss of economic strength, use decline这些动词都可用于谈论数字、水平、比例、价格、利润和销售额。若谈及经济活力的丧失，用 declineThe market has declined.市场陷入衰退。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSnumbers / levels / rates fall / decline / drop / decreaseprices / profits / sales fall / decline / drop / slump / decreasefigures / temperature fall / dropto fall / decline / drop / decrease sharply / significantly / considerablyto fall / drop / decline / decrease slightly / slowly / gradually / steadily4. (NAmE alsoˌgo ˈover) [+ adv]if a remark, a performance, an action, etc. goes down well or badly, etc., it gets a good or bad reaction from people（话语、演出、行为等）反响好（或差），受（或不受）欢迎◆Did your performance go down all right? 你的演出反响不错吧？◆The movie went down well in America. 这部电影在美国颇受欢迎。◆Jokes don’t go down too well with my mother (= she does not like them). 我母亲并不喜欢开玩笑。◆The band went down a storm(= people liked them very much). 这支乐队引起了轰动。5. (of the sun and moon日、月) to disappear below the point where the sky seems to meet the land or the sea (the horizon)落到地平线下；落下◆We watched the sun go down. 我们看着太阳落下。SYNset OPPcome up, rise6.to get worse变得更差；每况愈下◆The quality of the product has gone down since the company was sold. 公司卖掉之后，产品质量下降了。◆He’s certainly gone down in my estimation (= I don’t have the good opinion of him that I used to). 他确实不如我原先印象中那么好了。◆The food’s gone down since the restaurant changed hands. 餐厅转手之后，菜肴质量滑坡了。SYNdeteriorate (more formal) OPPgo up7. (computing计算机) if a computer system goes down, it stops working temporarily暂停作业；暂停运行◆I lost all my work when the computer went down. 计算机死机了，我做的东西全丢了。➡ note at break down8. (of food, a meal, etc.食物、饭菜等) to be partly or completely dealt with by your body（全部或部分）消化◆Let your food go down before you go swimming. 先消消食再去游泳。9.[+ adv]if food or drink will/will not go down, it is easy/difficult to swallow, or you enjoy it/do not enjoy it容易（或难）吃（或喝）；喜欢（或不喜欢）吃（或喝）◆My drink went down the wrong way and I started coughing. 我喝饮料呛得咳嗽起来。◆A cup of tea would go down nicely (= I would like one). 能喝上一杯茶再好不过了。10.when the curtain in a theatre goes down, it is the end of the performance落幕；演出结束◆The audience were cheering as the curtain went down. 落幕时，观众报以热烈的欢呼声。◆ (figurative) After 25 years, the curtain has finally gone down on his sparkling career. 25 年后，他终于告别了辉煌的职业生涯。OPPgo up11.when lights go down in a theatre, the performance is about to start（剧院的灯光）熄灭；演出即将开始◆She quickly found a seat before the lights went down. 她抢在熄灯开演之前迅速找了个座位。OPPgo up12.[+ adv/prep]to reach down to a particular point垂到，垂及（某点）◆Pepita’s coat is so big it goes right down to her ankles. 佩皮塔的外套很大，长及脚踝。13. (of a tyre轮胎) to lose air瘪下；泄气◆My tyre’s gone down again. 我的轮胎又没气了。14. (BrE, informal) to be sent to prison被关进监狱；坐牢◆He’s gone down for twenty years. 他要蹲二十年监狱。15. (of a carpet地毯) to be put on the floor铺开；展开◆It’ll feel a lot warmer when the carpet goes down. 铺了地毯后，就会感觉暖和多了。16. (of a plane飞机) to fall from the sky; to be brought to the ground坠落；被迫降落◆‘The plane’s going down!’ he cried. “飞机要坠毁了！”他喊道。17. (of a ship船只) to sink下沉；倾覆◆Hundreds died when the ferry went down. 渡轮沉没，数百人丧生。18.to fail; to behave badly and lose people’s respect失败；丢脸◆If the business goes down, we go down with it. 要是企业破产，我们一起完蛋。19.(to sb)to be defeated by sb, especially in a sports game or competition（尤指体育比赛或竞赛中）败北，落败◆Liverpool went down 2-0 to Everton. 利物浦队以 0:2 输给了埃弗顿队。20.(to sth) (especially BrE) to be made to move to a lower position, rank, class, status, etc.（职务、官衔、级别、地位等）降低◆We need to win the next two games to avoid going down. 我们得赢下随后的两场比赛才能避免降级。OPPgo up21.(in sth) (as sth)to be written down; to be recorded or remembered in a particular way写在，载入（…中）；记录，记载（为…）◆Everything I said went down in his little book. 我说的话全记在他的小本子上。◆1998 will go down as the company’s best year. 1998 年将成为公司业绩最好的一年。◆He will go down in history as a great statesman. 他将作为伟大的政治家名垂青史。22. (slang, especially NAmE) to be happening正在发生；正在进行◆She always knows what’s going down. 她消息灵通。◆What’s going down? 出什么事了？23.(from…) (BrE, formal) to leave a university (especially Oxford or Cambridge) at the end of a term or after finishing your studies（大学学期结束或毕业后）离校（尤指牛津或剑桥）◆She went down (from Cambridge) in 2004. 她 2004 年（自剑桥）大学毕业。OPPgo up[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈdown🔑●ˌgo ˈdown sth🔑to move from a higher position to a lower one; to go along sth from one end towards the other（从高处）下去；（沿着…）过去◆One end of the see-saw goes up while the other end goes down. 跷跷板一头起来，另一头就下去。◆The pain goes down my arm. 疼痛传遍了我的胳膊。◆I’ve just got to go down to Jim’s office with these papers. 我得把这些文件送到吉姆的办公室去。◆Will we go down any steep hills? 我们会沿陡峭山坡下山吗？◆You’ll see the museum if you go down the road a bit. 沿路往前走一点，就看到博物馆了。◆It was hard enough to get up here (= a mountain, for example), and now we’ve got to go down! 爬上来就够呛了，现在我们又得下去！◆Their company has decided to go down the same path(= do the same things) as ours. 他们的公司已决定走我们的路子。◆I went down on my hands and knees to look for the pen. 我趴在地上找钢笔。◆I’m not going to go down on my knees and beg him to forgive me. 我不会奴颜婢膝，乞求他原谅我。OBJroad, stairs, hill OPPgo up, go up sth[v + adv][v + prep] ●go down the ˈdrain (BrE alsogo down the ˈplughole) to be wasted; to get much worse付诸东流；白白浪费；每况愈下●go down ˈthat roadto follow a particular course of action, especially a difficult or harmful one踏上那条道；采取（尤指艰难或有害）的做法◆He said he’d never used drugs because he’d seen too many talented kids go down that road. 他说他从不吸毒，因为他见过太多有才华的孩子走上那条路。●ˌgo ˈdown on sb (slang) to perform a sex act on sb with your mouth为（某人）口交[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈdown to sthto go to a place near where you are, or a place you often go to去，前往（附近或常去的地方）◆Shall we go down to the beach for a swim? 我们去海滩游泳吧？◆I’m going down to the corner shop for some milk. 我要去拐角处的商店买牛奶。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈdown with sth (especially BrE) to become ill/sick with sth患，得（病）◆I think I’m going down with a cold. 我想我感冒了。SYNcome down with sth, sicken for sth, catch sth, get sth[v + adv + prep]●ˈgo for sb/sth1.to attack sb/sth攻击；袭击◆She went for him with a knife. 她手持尖刀向他刺去。◆ (figurative) The newspapers really went for him over his defence of terrorism. 各家报纸强烈抨击他为恐怖主义辩护。2.to apply to sb/sth; to be true of sb/sth适用于；（某种情况）也如此◆What I said about Tim helping goes for you too, Alex. 我说让蒂姆帮忙，这话也适用于你，亚历克斯。◆We may have high unemployment, but the same goes for many other countries. 我们的失业率或许很高，不过其他很多国家也都一样。◆Terry needs to relax more, and the same goes for you. 特里需要放松些，你也一样。3.to go to get sb/sth去带回（某人）；去取回（某物）◆Shall I go for a doctor? 要我去请医生吗？◆She’s gone for some milk. 她买牛奶去了。4.to be attracted by sb/sth; to like or prefer sb/sth为…所吸引；喜欢；偏爱◆He’s not the type I usually go for. 他不是我喜欢的那种人。◆Children usually go for colourful packaging. 儿童一般喜欢色彩鲜艳的包装。[v + prep] ●(have) a lot, nothing, etc. ˈgoing for it/you(to have) many/not many advantages有（或没有）诸多有利条件◆She has a good job, she’s attractive and intelligent—she has a lot going for her. 她有份好工作，妩媚可人，聪明伶俐——她有很多有利条件。◆The town doesn’t really have much going for it. 这座小镇着实不具备太大优势。●ˈgo for sth1.to choose sth选择◆I think I’ll go for the steak. 我想要牛排。◆Which computer system are they going for? 他们要选哪套计算机系统？2.to try to get or achieve sth努力获取；努力实现◆Did you go for that job? 你争取过那份工作吗？◆He’s going for the world record. 他力争打破世界纪录。◆Go for it! You’ve got nothing to lose. 尽力争取吧！你不会失去什么。◆That’s a great idea! Go for it! 想法很棒！努力去实现吧！3.to be sold for the price mentioned（以所提价格）出售；索价◆These computers usually go for under £1 000. 这类计算机一般卖不到 1 000 英镑。[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈforth (literary) to leave a place and go somewhere, especially in order to do sth good or brave（尤指为做有益的或需要勇气的事情）动身去，起程[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈforward1.to make progress; to begin to happen or be successful取得进展；开始发生；初见成效◆The project is going forward nicely. 项目进展十分顺利。◆Now that we have his agreement, the deal can go forward. 既然我们得到了他的许可，就可以进行交易了。2. (of clocks and watches钟表) to be set one hour ahead at the beginning of summer（夏令时开始之际）拨快一小时◆The clocks go forward tonight. We have an hour less in bed. 今晚时钟要拨快。我们少睡一小时。OPPgo back3.to be suggested as a candidate for a job or an elected position, etc.获提名；列为候选人◆Her name has gone forward for the job. 有人提名她出任该职。4.(to sth)to win one stage of a competition, etc. and be able to take part in the next stage（比赛等）获胜进入下一阶段◆Which teams will go forward to the second round? 哪几个队会进入第二轮比赛呢？[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈin1. (of the sun or moon日、月) to disappear behind a cloud躲进云里；被云掩盖◆The sun went in and it grew colder. 太阳躲到云后，天更冷了。OPPcome out2. (informal) (of facts, information, etc.事实、信息等) to be absorbed, understood and remembered被吸收；被理解；被记住◆I keep studying, but these dates just won’t go in. 我不断复习，但这些日期就是记不住。SYNsink in3. (of a piece of equipment, furniture, etc.设备、家具等) to be built or fitted in a place装入；嵌入◆The kitchen will be finished once the fridge has gone in. 冰箱放进去后，厨房就安排停当了。[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈin🔑●ˌgo ˈin sth🔑●ˌgo ˈinto sth🔑1.to enter a room, a house, etc.进去；进入（室内、屋内等）◆It’s getting cold; let’s go in. 天冷了；我们进屋去吧。◆Let’s go in the kitchen—it’s warmer. 我们进厨房吧——厨房暖和些。◆Why did you go into my office? 你为什么进我的办公室？◆Are you going into town today? 你今天要进城吗？➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析go in come in ◇ enter (sth) ◇ go in ◇ set foot in/on sth All these words mean to come or go into sth.这些动词都表示进来或进去。 come in ( come into sth) to enter a place, especially a building, room, etc.进来；进入（楼内、室内等）It's getting cold. Why don't you come in now?天冷了。为什么现在不进来呢？Come in! (= used to give sb permission to enter a room)进来！ enter (sth) (formal) to come or go into a place进入；走进Please knock before you enter.进来之前请敲门。Where did the bullet enter the body?子弹打中身体什么部位了？ go in ( go into sth) to enter a place, especially a building, room, etc.进去；进入（楼内、室内等）It's getting cold. Let's go in.天冷了。我们进去吧。They went into the dining room.他们进了餐厅。 set foot in / on sth to enter or visit a place进入，踏上，访问，参观（某地）He was the first person to set foot on the moon.他是第一个登上月球的人。I vowed never to set foot in the place again.我发誓再也不去那个地方。It was the first time I'd set foot on African soil.那是我首次踏上非洲的土地。 WHICH WORD? Come in implies movement in the direction of the speaker; go in implies movement in the opposite direction * come in 指朝说话者的方向移动； go in 指朝相反的方向移动Come in and help me tidy up.进来帮我收拾一下。The door was open but we were too scared to go in.门是敞开的，但我们吓得不敢进去。 Enter can imply movement in either direction. * enter 可指朝任一方向移动。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSto enter / come into / go into / set foot in a room / building / country / townto enter / come in / go in by / through sthto allow sb / permit sb / give permission for sb to enter / come in / go in2.to fit into a container, etc.能放进（容器等）◆The suitcase is full already—those shoes definitely won’t go in. 手提箱已经满了——那些鞋子肯定放不下了。◆I’m amazed that all the luggage went in the car. 行李全都放进车里了，我颇感惊奇。◆All the photos will go into this box. 所有照片都会放进这盒子里。3. (informal) to join an organization, especially one of the armed forces or the police加入，参加（某一组织，尤指军队或警察部门）◆He was 17 when he went in the army. 他 17 岁入伍。◆Ed wants to go into the Marines. 埃德想加入海军陆战队。4. (of the ball in sports played with a ball, etc.运动所用的球等) to enter the goal, net, hole, etc. and score points进（门、网、洞等）；进球得分◆Did you see if the ball went in? 你看见球进了没有？◆He kicked the ball hard enough to go into the back of the goal. 他用力把球踢进了球门里。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈin●ˌgo ˈinto sth1.to go to an office or another place of work in order to work, do a particular task, have some work done for you, etc.去办公室，去工作单位（上班、办事、找人服务等）◆I’ve got to work tomorrow, but I can always go in late. 我明天要上班，但我总还可以迟到。◆The car needs to go in (= into the garage) for a service. 车子需要去（修理厂）维修了。◆Are you going into work tomorrow? 你明天要去工作吗？2.to go to a hospital to receive treatment, tests, etc.去医院（接受治疗、检测等）◆I’m going in on Friday for an X-ray. 我星期五要去医院做 X 光检查。◆When is Cara going into hospital? 卡拉什么时候上医院？3. (of soldiers, an army, etc.士兵、部队等) to go to a place where there is fighting or a war and become involved in it上战场；参战◆Troops are going in tonight. 部队今晚上战场。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈin for sth (especially BrE) 🔑1.to take part in a competition; to take an exam参加（竞赛或考试）◆She goes in for all the competitions in the magazines and never wins anything. 她参加了杂志上登的所有比赛，却从未获奖。◆Which events are you going in for at the school sports? 学校运动会你打算参加什么项目？◆She’s going in for the Cambridge First Certificate. 她准备参加剑桥初级证书考试。2.➡go into sth (3)◆He decided to go in for politics. 他决定从政。SYNenter sth[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈin for sth●ˌgo ˈin for doing sth to like sth and regularly use it, do it, etc.; to have sth as an interest or a hobby喜欢；有…兴趣；以…为业余爱好◆She goes in for very bright colours. 她喜爱鲜艳的色彩。◆He doesn’t really go in for making long speeches. 他不太喜欢做长篇讲话。◆We don’t go in for that sort of thing. 我们不喜欢那种事。◆She never went in for dancing. 她对跳舞从不感兴趣。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈin with sb (on sth) to join sb in a particular project, activity, business, etc.与（某人）联合（完成某个项目、参加某个活动、做生意等）◆Jack went in with some friends to start a car hire business. 杰克和一些朋友做起了汽车租赁生意。◆I’ll go in with you on (= I’ll give you some money for) Mary’s present. 我和你凑份子给玛丽买件礼物。◆My brothers are opening a garage and they want me to go in with them. 我的几个兄弟要开汽车修理厂，想拉我入伙。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈinto sth🔑1. (of a vehicle交通工具) to hit sth violently; to crash into sth猛地撞上◆The car skidded and went into a tree. 车子打滑，猛地撞到树上。2. (of a vehicle or driver交通工具或驾驶员) to start a particular movement开始以某种方式移动；开始某种动作◆The truck went into a spin on a patch of ice. 卡车在冰面上打起转来。◆The plane went into a nosedive. 飞机俯冲下来。3. ( ˌgo ˈin for sth) to decide to do a particular kind of work as your job or career决定从事，投身（某种行业）◆When did you decide to go into politics? 你何时决定从政的？◆She’s going into publishing. 她要从事出版业。◆Sanjay’s gone into business with his father. 桑贾伊跟随父亲经商了。OBJpolitics SYNtake sth up4.to begin to be in a particular state or situation进入（某种状态或状况）◆She went into a coma after the accident. 事故后她陷入昏迷。◆The country is going into a decline. 该国日益衰落。◆The company has gone into liquidation. 公司在停业清算。◆The family has gone into hiding. 这家人躲了起来。OBJliquidation, production, decline, hiding, exile, a coma5.to begin to act or behave in a particular way（以某种方式）开始行动，开始行事◆He went into a long explanation of the affair. 他对那件事长篇大论解释起来。◆Divers were there, ready to go into action if the stunt went wrong. 潜水员在那里待命，如果特技动作出现差错，他们会马上入水救险。6.to examine or discuss sth carefully仔细考虑；深入探讨◆I won’t go into details now. 我现在不谈细节。◆We need to go into the question of costs. 我们需要研究一下成本问题。◆She’s not coming, for reasons which I won’t go into now. 她不来了，原因我现在不作解释。7. ( ˌgo ˈinto doing sth) (of money, time, effort, etc.金钱、时间、精力等) to be spent on sth; to be used to do sth投入；用于◆More money needs to go into rebuilding the inner cities. 重建市中心旧城区，需要投入更多的资金。◆I can see that a lot of time and effort has gone into your project. 我可以看出这个项目你花了很多时间和精力。◆A huge amount of work went into making the occasion a success. 为确保这个活动的成功，做了大量的工作。◆A lot of skill, love and work had gone into the garden. 这座花园凝聚了高超的技艺、很多的爱心和辛劳。8.to start taking part in an exam, a competition, an election, etc.参加（考试、竞赛、竞选等）◆I can’t go into the exam unprepared. 我不能毫无准备去参加这次考试。9.if one number goes into a larger number, it is contained in that number the number of times mentioned（一数字）除尽，整除（另一较大数字）◆5 goes into 25 five times. 5 除 25 得 5。◆Does 13 go into 39? 13 能整除 39 吗？[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈoff🔑1.(to sth)to leave a place, especially in order to do sth离开，离去（尤指去做某事）◆You go off and have fun. 你去玩吧。◆When are you going off on your trip? 你何时动身去旅行？◆Have the children gone off to school yet? 孩子们去上学了吗？◆Everyone went off happy. 大家都高高兴兴地离开了。◆I can’t believe Ed went off without saying goodbye! 我无法相信埃德竟然不辞而别！◆My parents have just gone off to bed. 我父母刚去睡下。2. (of a weapon, etc.武器等) to be fired; to explode开火；爆炸◆The gun went off by accident. 枪走火了。◆The bomb went off in a crowded street. 炸弹在熙来攘往的大街上爆炸了。SUBJgun, bomb3. (of an alarm警报器或闹钟) to make a sudden loud noise or flash突然响起；突然闪烁◆She got up as soon as the alarm clock went off. 闹钟一响，她就一骨碌起床了。◆The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off. 防盗器警报声大作，窃贼们立刻逃走了。SUBJalarm, alarm clock, fire alarm4.if a light, the electricity, etc. goes off, it stops working（电灯）熄灭；（供电等）中断；停止运行◆Suddenly all the lights went off. 所有的灯突然熄灭了。◆The heating goes off at nine. 九点钟停止供暖。SUBJlights OPPcome on, go on5.[+ adv]if a performance, etc. goes off well/badly, it is successful/not successful（演出等）成功／不成功◆The show went off very well. 演出大获成功。◆How did the concert go off? 音乐会开得怎么样？◆The performance went off without a hitch(= without any problems at all). 演出十分顺利。6. (BrE) if food or drink goes off, it becomes bad and not fit to eat or drink（食物或饮料）变质，变坏◆This milk has gone off. 牛奶馊了。SUBJmilk, meat7. (especially BrE) to become worse in quality（质量）下降，滑坡◆Her books have gone off in recent years. 她近年出的书质量下滑了。8. (informal, especially BrE) to fall asleep入眠；入睡◆Hasn’t the baby gone off (to sleep) yet? 宝宝还没睡着吗？SYNdrop off[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈoff●ˌgo ˈoff sth1.to move away from sth large or important and go in a different direction偏离（主干事物）；岔开◆The road you want goes off on the right. 你要走的路往右边岔开去。◆ (figurative) She’s always going off the point (= not talking about the main topic). 她讲话老是跑题。2.to leave the stage, the sports field, etc. during a play or a game（演出或比赛中）下场，退场◆Hamlet goes off in the middle of the scene. 哈姆雷特在该场剧的中场阶段退场。◆Johnson went off at half-time. 约翰逊中场休息时下场了。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈoff (on sb)to suddenly become angry with sb（对某人）突然发怒，大发脾气◆He just went off on her and started yelling. 他突然对她发火，大声叫嚷起来。◆ (BrE) I spilt coffee on the sofa and my mum went off on one. 我把咖啡洒在了沙发上，妈妈立刻发了火。[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈoff sb/sth (informal, especially BrE) to lose interest in sb/sth; to stop liking sb/sth失去对…的兴趣；不再喜欢◆I think she’s going off me. 我觉得她对我没兴趣了。◆He’s gone off his food. 他厌食了。◆I’ve gone off the idea of a holiday in Scotland. 我已经没有去苏格兰度假的兴致了。[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈoff with sbto leave your husband, wife, etc. in order to have a relationship with sb else与（新欢）私奔◆Eddie’s gone off with his wife’s best friend. 埃迪跟他妻子的闺蜜私奔了。SYNrun away/off with sb[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈoff with sthto leave a place with sth that does not belong to you擅自拿走（他人之物）◆Who’s gone off with my new pen? 谁顺手牵羊拿走了我的新钢笔？SYNmake off(with sth)[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈon🔑1. (of a situation or a state of affairs情况或事态) to continue to happen or exist without changing继续下去；维持不变◆We can’t let this dispute go on. 我们不能继续这样争执下去。◆Things can’t go on as they are. 事情不能再像目前这样继续下去了。◆In spite of everything, life must go on. 无论如何，生活还是要继续。◆We can’t go on like this! 我们不能这样继续下去！SYNcarry on, continue2.to last for a particular time持续，延续（一段时间）◆The meeting went on for hours. 会开了好几个小时。◆How much longer will this hot weather go on (for)? 这样炎热的天气还会持续多久？SYNcarry on, last3.(with sth)to continue an activity, especially after a pause or a break（尤指停顿或中断后）继续做（某事）◆I’m sorry I interrupted. Go on with your story. 对不起，打断你了。继续讲你的故事吧。◆The children quietly went on with their work. 孩子们继续安静地做功课。◆Let’s take a break. We’ll go on when you’re ready. 咱们休息一下吧。你们准备好了我们再继续。SYNcarry on(with sth)4.(with sth) ( ˌgo ˈon doing sth) to continue an activity without stopping（不停顿地）继续做（某事）◆When I came into the room, the boss just went on with what she was doing and didn’t look up. 我进房间时，老板头也没抬，只是继续忙她手里的活儿。◆I could have gone on listening to Ted’s stories all night. 特德的故事我可以一直听上一夜。◆I’d prefer to go on doing things my own way. 我宁愿按照自己的方式做事。SYNcarry on(with sth), carry on doing sth5.to continue speaking after a short pause（短暂停顿后）继续说◆‘You know’, he went on, ‘I never liked her.’ “你知道的，”他接着说，“我从没喜欢过她。”◆Go on then! Tell me what happened! 那么快说吧！告诉我发生了什么事！◆She hesitated for a moment, and then went on. 她犹豫了一会儿，然后继续往下说。SYNcarry on6. (of a light, the electricity, etc.电灯、供电等) to start to work; to be switched on打开；接通；开始运行◆Suddenly all the lights went on. 突然所有的灯都亮了。OPPgo off7. (of time时间) to pass流逝；过去◆Things will improve as time goes on. 随着时间的推移，情况会好转的。◆She became more miserable as the evening went on. 夜渐深，她越来越难受。SYNgo by8. (usually used in the progressive tenses通常用于进行时) to take place; to happen发生；出现◆What’s going on here? 这里发生什么事儿了？◆Who knows what goes on when I’m away. 谁知道我外出期间会出什么事。◆There must be a party going on next door. 隔壁一定是在举行聚会。◆She ignores a lot of what goes on. 她对很多事情都视而不见。9.(to sth/to do sth)to do sth after you have finished sth else（完成某事后）接着做（另一件事）◆Do all the students go on to work in catering? 是不是所有的学生都接着在餐饮业工作？◆Let’s go on to the next item on the agenda. 咱们接着进行下一项议程吧。◆The boys went on to a club, but I decided to go home. 男孩子们接着去夜总会，可我决定回家。10.ˌgo ˈon! (informal) used to encourage or dare sb to do sth（用于鼓励或激将）来吧◆Go on! Have another cake. 来吧！再吃一块蛋糕。◆Go on! Try it! 来吧！试试嘛！◆Go on! Ask her out! I dare you! 去呀！约她出来呀！我谅你也不敢！11.(about sb/sth)to continue talking to sb for a long time about the same person or thing, usually in an annoying way唠叨；说个没完◆They keep going on about their trip. 他们没完没了地讲他们的旅行。◆What is she going on about? 她在啰唆啥呢？◆My parents went on and on about how successful my sister is. 我父母不停地唠叨我姐姐多么有出息。SYNbang on about sb/sth (BrE, informal) 12.(at sb)(about sth) (especially BrE) to complain to sb about their behaviour, work, etc.（为某事）（向某人）唠叨，埋怨，指责◆My dad went on at me about not having a job. 我爸爸责备我没工作。◆Stop going on at me! 别数落我了！◆She keeps going on at me to dress better. 她没完没了地唠叨着，让我穿得体面些。SYNcarry on(at sb)(about sth), criticize sb13.to continue to travel in the direction you are going（按原来的方向）继续旅行，继续行进◆I’m too tired to go on. 我累得走不动了。◆They had an accident and couldn’t go on. 他们出了意外，无法继续行程。SYNcarry on14.(ahead/to sth)to travel in front of sb else先走一步；先行◆Jack’s going on ahead to get the house ready. 杰克要提前出发，去把房子收拾好。◆Shall we wait for Ray or shall we go on into town without him? 我们等一等雷，还是不等他先去城里？15. (of a road, a piece of land, etc.道路、土地等) to cover a particular distance in a particular direction延伸；延续◆The desert seemed to go on forever. 沙漠一望无际。16. (of an actor or a performer演员或表演者) to walk onto the stage to begin their performance上场；登台◆She doesn’t go on till Act 2. 她要到第二幕才出场。17. (sport体育) (of a player运动员) to join a team instead of another player during a game替补上场◆Allen went on (in place of Brown) just before half-time. 上半场即将结束前，艾伦上场（替换下了布朗）。18.go on (informal, especially BrE) used to agree to do or allow sth that you do not really want to do or allow, after sb has persuaded you（表示勉强同意）行吧，可以吧◆‘Are you sure you won’t come? ’ ‘Oh go on then, but I won’t be able to stay long.’ “你真的不来了吗？”“喔，那还是去吧，可我不能呆很久。”19.go on! (old-fashioned, BrE, informal) used to show that you do not believe what sb is saying（表示不相信）真的吗◆Go on! You didn’t eat it all yourself! 不会吧！你不可能一个人把它全吃光的！SYNget away(with you)[v + adv]4also[v + adv + -ing]5also[v + adv + speech] ●be ˌgoing ˈon (for) sth (BrE) to be nearly a particular age, time or number接近，将近（某个年龄、时间或数字）◆It was going on (for) midnight. 快到午夜了。◆She’s 20, going on 21. 她现在 20 岁，马上 21 了。●enough, plenty, etc. to be going ˈon withenough, plenty, etc. for our present needs足够目前所需；绰绰有余◆That should be enough food to be going on with. 食物应该足够现在吃的了。▸ˌgoings-ˈon
noun
[plural] (informal) activities or events that are strange or amusing异常情况；有趣的活动（或事情）◆There have been some strange goings-on at their house. 最近他们家发生了点儿有趣的事。▸ˈongoing
adjective
[usually before noun] continuing to exist or develop继续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的◆an ongoing process 持续的过程◆the ongoing debate 持续的辩论◆an ongoing situation 不断发展的状况◆The problem is ongoing. 这个问题尚未解决。●ˌgo ˈon●ˌgo ˈon sthto fit or be put on top of another object（大小等）合适；放到…顶部；盖上◆The lid won’t go on. 盖子盖不上。◆This shoe won’t go on my foot at all. 这只鞋根本不合我的脚。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˈgo on sth1. (used in negative sentences and questions用于否定句和疑问句) to base an opinion or a judgement on sth以…为依据；凭…来判断◆The police don’t have much evidence to go on. 警方证据不够充分。◆I’m only going on what she told me. 我只以她对我说的话为依据。2.to begin doing, following, enjoying or using sth开始（做、遵循、享受或使用）◆to go on a course / trip 开始一门课程／旅行◆I’m going on a diet on Monday. 我星期一开始节食。◆When are you going on holiday? 你什么时候去度假？◆to go on the dole (= to start to receive government unemployment benefit) 开始领取失业救济金◆When do the band go on tour? 乐队何时开始巡回演出？[v + prep]●ˈgo on sth●ˈgo on doing sth (of money, time, energy, etc.金钱、时间、能源等) to be spent or used for sth花在…上；用于◆All his money goes on drink. 他的钱全用来喝酒了。◆Most of the electricity we use goes on running the computers. 我们所用的电大多耗费在运行计算机上。➡ see also go on (4)[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈout🔑1.(for/to sth)to leave your house to go to social events, etc.出门参加社交活动；外出交际◆Shall we go out for a meal tonight? 我们今晚出去吃饭好吗？◆Ellie goes out a lot. 埃利经常外出参加社交活动。◆She goes out dancing most weekends. 她周末多半在外跳舞。◆Jenny usually goes out with her friends on Friday evenings. 珍妮通常在星期五晚上和朋友外出娱乐。OPPstay in2.(with sb/together) (informal) (especially of young people尤指年轻人) to spend time with sb and have a romantic or sexual relationship with them（与…）约会，谈情说爱◆Sam has been going out with Kate for six months. 萨姆与凯特相恋六个月了。◆How long have Sam and Kate been going out together? 萨姆与凯特相恋多久了？◆When did they start going out? 他们什么时候开始约会的？SYNdate, date sb3. (of a letter, a message, etc.信件、信息等) to be sent, announced, etc.寄出；发送出；公布◆Have the invitations gone out yet? 请柬发出去了吗？◆A memo went out about the director’s resignation. 备忘录上发布了主管辞职的消息。4. (of news, information, etc.新闻、消息等) to be made public; to be published公布；发布；刊行◆Word went out that the Prime Minister had resigned. 首相据传已经辞职。◆The magazine goes out six times a year. 这份杂志每年出版六期。5. (especially BrE) (of a radio or television programme广播或电视节目) to be broadcast播送；播出◆The first episode goes out next Friday at 8.00 p.m. 第一集下周五晚上八时播出。◆The show will go out live from the studio. 节目将在演播室现场直播。6. (of a fire or a light火或灯光) to stop burning or shining熄灭◆The fire has gone out. 火灭了。◆There was a power cut and all the lights went out. 断电了，所有的灯都熄了。SUBJlights, fire SYNbe extinguished (formal) ➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析go out burn (itself) out ◇ die down ◇ go out These verbs all mean to stop burning. 这些动词都表示熄灭。See alsoput sth out. burn (itself) out to stop burning because there is nothing more to burn燃尽；熄灭The fire had burnt (itself) out before the fire engines arrived.消防车赶到时，火已经灭了。 die down to burn less strongly（火势）变弱；渐渐熄灭As the flames died down he felt cold air on his face.火焰小了，他感到脸上阵阵寒气。 go out to stop burning熄灭The candles had all gone out and I was left in darkness.蜡烛全灭了，我陷入黑暗之中。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSa fire / blaze goes out / burns (itself) out / dies downflames go out / die downa candle / cigarette goes outto gradually burn (itself) out / die downto suddenly go out7.if money goes out, it is spent on bills and expenses（钱）用掉，花掉◆We need to have more money coming in than going out. 我们要多挣少花。OPPcome in8.(to …)to leave your country and travel to another one, especially one far away出国（尤指去遥远的国度）◆We went out to see him when he was living in Australia. 他住在澳大利亚时，我们曾出国去看望他。◆Have you been out to India recently? 你最近去过印度吗？9.if the tide goes out, the sea moves away from the land退潮；落潮◆When does the tide go out? 什么时候退潮？SUBJ onlythe tide SYNebb (more formal) OPPcome in10.to fail in a competition, contest, etc.（竞赛等中）遭淘汰，出局◆She went out in the first round of the tournament. 她在锦标赛第一轮即遭淘汰。[v + adv] ●go out like a ˈlightto fall asleep very quickly迅速入睡◆I went out like a light as soon as my head hit the pillow. 我头一挨到枕头，就睡着了。▸ˈoutgoing
adjective
1.very friendly and liking to meet and talk to other people友好的；开朗的；爱交际的◆Annie’s sister is much more outgoing than she is. 安妮的姐姐比她外向多了。2. [only before noun] about to leave a position of responsibility即将卸任的；即将离职的◆the outgoing government 任期即将届满的政府3. [only before noun] going away from a particular place向外的；离开的◆outgoing calls / flights / passengers 打出的电话／离港航班／出发旅客◆the outgoing tide 退潮▸ˈoutgoings
noun
[plural] (BrE) the money which a person or a company spends regularly on bills and other necessary expenses开支；经常性支出◆They haven’t got enough money to cover their outgoings. 他们入不敷出。●ˌgo ˈout🔑●ˌgo ˈout of sth🔑1.to leave a room, building, etc.出门；出去◆It’s too cold to go out. 天冷得迈不出门。◆The talking started as soon as the teacher went out of the room. 老师刚走出教室，大家就开始说话。◆It isn’t a good idea to go out alone at night. 夜间不宜独自外出。◆I’m going out for a walk. 我出去散步了。◆He’s just gone out to get a newspaper. 他刚出去买报纸去了。◆My grandmother never went out to work(= away from the home). 我奶奶从没离开家门出去工作过。◆She went straight out and spent £200 on a new coat. 她立马出去花 200 英镑买了件新外套。OPPgo in, go in sth, go into sth2.to become no longer fashionable or used不再流行；不再使用◆That hairstyle went out of fashion years ago. 那种发型多年前就不时兴了。◆Styles like that have completely gone out now. 那样的款式现在完全过时了。◆The word ‘leathern’ has gone out of use in modern English. 现代英语已经不用 leathern 一词了。OPPcome in, come in sth, come into sth[v + adv][v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈout for sth (NAmE) to try to gain a place in a sports team, a band or a group that does some other activity争取加入（运动队、乐队等团体）◆I had to talk Greg into going out for the basketball team. 我得说服格雷格加入篮球队。◆‘Did she make the band? ’ ‘She didn’t go out for it.’ “她是乐队成员吗？”“她没想参加。”SYNtry for sth (especially BrE) , try out(for sth) (especially NAmE) [v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈout of sb/sth (of a quality or feeling品质或感觉) to no longer be present in sb/sth; to disappear from sb/sth在…中不复存在；从…中消失◆He relaxed and the tension went out of him. 他放松下来，紧张顿消。◆The heat had gone out of the day. 白天的热气已经散尽。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈout to sbif you say that your heart, thoughts, prayers, etc. go out to sb, you are expressing sympathy for them同情，怜悯（某人）◆Our hearts go out to all the victims of the disaster. 对所有受灾者，我们深表同情。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈover1.(to sb/sth)to move towards sb/sth, especially crossing a room, etc.（尤指通过房间等）（向…）走去◆He went over to the window for a closer look at the parade. 他走到窗前，就近观看游行队伍。◆I went over and sat beside Jane. 我走过去坐在简身边。2.(to sth)to visit sb for a short time, usually at their house（到别人家）短暂拜访，探望◆I’m going over to my daughter’s for lunch. 我要去女儿家吃午饭。➡ see also go round (1)3.(to …)to travel to a place in another country, especially by sea（到海外）旅行◆My family live in Belgium and I’m going over to see them next week. 我家人住在比利时，我下星期要去看望他们。4.[+ adv] (NAmE) ➡go down (4)◆My suggestion didn’t go over well with my boss. 老板对我的建议不以为然。◆The news of her promotion went over well with her colleagues. 她提升的消息受到同事们的欢迎。[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈover●ˌgo ˈover sthto pass above or over the top of sb/sth从…上方经过◆Planes were going over all night. 飞机整夜在上空飞来飞去。◆We were shaken as the car went over the bumps in the road. 车子在坑坑洼洼的路面上开过，把我们颠个不停。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈover sth🔑1.to do more, spend more, etc. than a particular amount or than you are allowed to do超出，越出（某一数量或允许范围）◆Don’t go over the speed limit. 不要超过限速。◆Did you go over budget on your project? 你的项目超出预算了吗？SYNexceed sth (more formal) 2.to examine the details of sth; to check sth检查细节；审核◆I’ll go over the figures again to make sure they’re right. 我要再核对一下数据，以免有误。◆Go over your work carefully before you hand it in. 交作业前要仔细检查一下。➡ note at check sb/sth over3.to study sth carefully; to repeat sth反复研究；仔细琢磨◆I’ve gone over and over what happened in my mind. 我心里反复琢磨所发生的事。◆She went over her lines ( = in a play) until she knew them perfectly. 她反复记诵台词，直到滚瓜烂熟。4.to look at or check sth carefully细查；检查◆Police went (back) over all the evidence again. 警方再次仔细察看了所有证据。◆My dad went over the car thoroughly and advised us not to buy it. 父亲彻底检查了那辆车，然后建议我们不要买。5.to draw, paint, etc. over the top of sth that has already been drawn or painted描摹；临摹◆I’ve gone over the original drawing in pen. 我用钢笔描摹了原画。6.to clean sth by passing sth across the surface打扫干净；擦拭干净◆He went over the surfaces with a duster. 他用抹布擦干净了表面。[v + prep]▸ˌgoing-ˈover
noun
[singular] (informal) 1.an act of examining, cleaning or repairing sth thoroughly（彻底）检查，打扫，维修◆I’ve given the flat a good going-over (= a thorough clean). 我把公寓打扫得一尘不染。◆The garage gave the car a thorough going-over (= a careful check). 汽修厂彻底检查了这辆车。2.a serious attack on sb, physically or in words毒打；痛骂◆The gang gave him a real going-over. 那帮流氓毒打了他一顿。●ˌgo ˈover to sb/sth1.to leave a group of people in order to join a competing group; to change from one side, opinion, habit, system, etc. to another; to start using sth different转向（另一团体、立场、见解、习惯、体系等）；开始启用（不同事物）◆Two MPs went over to the opposition. 两名议员转投反对党。◆We’ve recently gone over to semi-skimmed milk. 我们最近开始喝半脱脂牛奶。2. (in broadcasting广播) to transfer to a different person, place, etc. for the next part of a programme切换到（另一人物、地点等）◆Let’s go over to the news desk for an important announcement. 我们现在播报新闻，有一条重要通告发布。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈpast (of time时间) to pass流逝；过去◆Half an hour went past while we were sitting there. 我们在那里坐了半个小时。[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈpast🔑●ˌgo ˈpast sb/sth🔑to pass in front of sb/sth在（…）面前经过◆I stood back to let Jack go past. 我往后站了站，让杰克过去。◆The shop is empty whenever I go past it. 我每次经过商店时，里面都空无一人。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈround (BrE) 🔑 (NAmEˌgo aˈround) 1.(to sth)to visit sb for a short time, usually at their house（常指到别人家里）探望一下◆Why don’t you go round and see Annie? 你为什么不去看看安妮呢？◆I’ve got to go around to my sister’s (= to her house) in the morning. 我早上得去姐姐家里看看。➡ see also go over (2)2.to spin or turn旋转；转动◆When I found the bicycle, the wheels were still going round. 我找到自行车时，轮子还在转呢。◆ (figurative) I’ve got so many ideas going around in my head at the moment. 我现在脑子里涌现出各种各样的想法。➡ see also go around, etc.[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈthrough1.(to sth) (informal) used especially to ask sb to enter a room, etc.（尤用于邀请）进来，进去◆Shall we go through to my office? 我们去我的办公室好吗？◆Go through and make yourself comfortable. 进来随便坐吧。2.if a law, a contract, etc. goes through, it is officially approved, accepted or completed（法律、合同等）获得通过，获得批准◆The bill went through without any objections. 议案全票通过。◆The adoption (= of a child) has finally gone through. 收养一事终获批准。3.if a business deal, etc. goes through, it is completed successfully（商业交易等）达成，成功◆We are almost certain the deal will go through. 我们几乎可以肯定这笔交易能谈成。◆If the merger goes through, we may lose our jobs. 如果合并谈成，我们可能会丢掉工作。4.(to sth)to pass to the next stage of a competition, etc., having won the first part(s)获胜进入（下一阶段比赛等）◆Four teams will go through to the semi-final. 四支队伍将进入半决赛。[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈthrough●ˌgo ˈthrough sthto enter and cross a room, an area of land, a town, a country, etc.; to pass through sth穿过，越过（房间、地域、城镇、国家等）◆The gates opened and we went through. 大门开了，我们走了进去。◆Lots of huge trucks go through the town. 镇子里的大卡车川流不息。◆You have to go through the lounge to reach the kitchen. 到厨房去得通过客厅。◆The defence was weak, and the ball went through into the goal. 防守薄弱，球射入了球门。◆The bullet went straight through the window. 子弹直接射进了窗户。◆This is the hole where the bullet went through. 这就是子弹射穿的孔。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈthrough sb1.if a feeling goes through you, it passes through your body（感觉）传遍全身◆A shudder went through her. 她浑身一阵战栗。2.if a particular type of food goes through you, your body cannot deal with it easily and it is emptied from your body quickly or in liquid form（某种食物）使腹泻◆I can’t eat sushi—it goes right through me. 我不能吃寿司——一吃就拉肚子。[v + prep]●ˈgo through sb/sthto ask a person or an organization to deal with sth for you or give you permission to do sth通过（他人或机构）处理；向…提出申请◆If you want to book the cruise, you’ll have to go through a travel agent. 预订乘船游览得通过旅行社代办。[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈthrough sth🔑1.to pass through sth from one end to the other从…的一端到另一端；穿过◆We went through the woods to get to the lake. 我们穿过丛林来到湖边。◆ (figurative) What went through your mind when you saw her? 你见到她的时候，心里是怎么想的？2.if you go through an event, a period of time, etc., you pass through it from the beginning to the end自始至终经历（某一事件、时期等）；经过◆He went through the day in a state of shock. 他惊魂未定挨过了这一天。◆She can’t go through life always depending on her parents. 她不能一辈子都依赖父母。3.to experience or suffer sth经历；遭受◆You don’t realize what I’ve been going through. 你不了解我的遭遇。◆She’s been through a bad patch recently. 最近她连触霉头。◆We’ve been through a lot together. 我们甘苦与共。◆It’s a phase / stage all teenagers go through. 这是所有青少年都要经历的一个阶段。OBJphase, experience, a bad, difficult, etc. patch SYNundergo sth (more formal) 4.to look at, check or examine sth closely and carefully, especially in order to find sth仔细找遍；仔细查遍；仔细搜遍◆I’ve gone through all my pockets but I can’t find my keys. 我翻遍所有衣兜也找不到钥匙。◆After his death, his daughter had to go through his papers. 他去世后，女儿不得不仔细阅读整理他的文件。OBJpockets, papers5.to discuss or study sth in detail, especially repeating it（尤指反复地）详细探讨，仔细研究◆Let’s go through the arguments again. 咱们再详细研究一下这些论据吧。◆Could we go through Act 2 once more? 我们把第二幕戏再过一遍好吗？SYNrun through sth6.to perform a series of actions; to follow a method经过（一套程序、所有步骤等）◆This is the process you have to go through to become a club member. 这是成为俱乐部会员必须办理的手续。◆I made a mistake when I was logging out and had to go through the whole process again. 我退出系统时出了差错，只好从头再来一遍。◆Have you seen him go through his exercise routine in the mornings? 他每天早晨的例行体育锻炼，你见过吗？OBJprocess, routine, procedure7.to use up sth用完；耗尽◆I seem to be going through a lot of money at the moment. 我现在好像花钱如流水。◆Have we gone through all that milk already? 我们把那些牛奶全喝光了吗？SYNget through sth8.to wear or make a hole in sth磨破；穿破◆I’ve gone through the elbows of my jumper. 我毛衣的肘部都磨破了。[v + prep] ●go through the ˈmotions (of sth/of doing sth)1.to pretend to do sth假装，佯装（做某事）；装出…的样子◆He just went through the motions of being a poet. 他不过装作是个诗人。2.to do or say sth without being serious or sincere about it走过场；敷衍了事；装模作样◆Her heart wasn’t in the game—she was just going through the motions. 她心思不在比赛上——只不过是在应付差事。●go through the ˈroof1. (of prices, etc.价格等) to rise very quickly飙升；陡升；猛涨◆House prices have gone through the roof. 房价暴涨离了谱。2.to become very angry震怒；暴怒◆My mum will go through the roof if she finds out! 我妈妈要是知道了会火冒三丈的！●ˌgo ˈthrough with sthto do what is necessary to complete sth or achieve sth, even though it may be difficult or unpleasant做完，完成（艰难或令人不快的事）◆She decided not to go through with the operation (= she decided not to have it). 她决定不动手术。◆He says he’ll take us to court, but he’ll never go through with it. 他说要起诉我们，但他绝不会费这个劲。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈto it (NAmE, informal) used to tell sb to start doing sth开始吧；动手吧◆You need to get it finished by six. Go to it! 你要在六点前完成。快去办吧！◆We better go to it before it gets dark. 我们最好赶在天黑前动手。[v + prep + it]●ˈgo to sb/sth1.to be given to sb/sth; to pass to sb else when sb dies给予；归于；（去世后）遗留给◆Proceeds from the concert will go to charity. 音乐会的收入将捐赠慈善事业。◆Some of the credit for the book should go to the illustrator. 本书获得的赞誉应部分归功于插图绘制者。◆The first prize went to Peter. 一等奖颁给了彼得。◆The contract has gone to a private firm. 合同被一家私营公司拿到了。◆The property went to his eldest daughter (= when he died). 他的遗产留给了长女。2.to approach sb/sth for help or information; to ask sb for sympathy or advice向…求助（或咨询）；希望获得（某人）的同情（或建议）◆Sue goes to her friends for support rather than her family. 休向朋友而不是家人寻求支持。◆He’s the only person I can go to for advice. 我能够咨询意见的人仅他而已。◆I always go to my dictionary when I come across a word I don’t know. 每当遇到生词，我总是查阅字典。SYNturn to sb/sth[v + prep]▸ˈgo-to
adjective
[only before noun] (NAmE, informal) a go-to guy, etc. is one that you can approach for help, information, etc.可以求助的；可以咨询的◆Jimmy’s the go-to guy if you’re looking for advice about your car. 想要获得汽车方面的建议，可找吉米。●ˈgo to sth1.to start to do sth; to begin to be in a particular state or condition开始着手（某事）；进入，陷入（某种境地或状况）◆The two countries are set to go to war over the dispute. 为了解决这场争端，两国准备开战。◆I hate to see food going to waste. 我痛恨糟蹋食物。◆My brain went to work on(= started to think about) what I should do next. 我开始考虑下一步的打算。OBJ onlywar, waste, work2.to make a lot of effort, spend a lot of money, etc. in order to do or achieve sth花费（精力、金钱等）做◆Don’t go to any trouble on my behalf. 不要为我费心。◆Why go to the expense of buying a car? 为什么花钱买车呢？◆He went to great pains to persuade us. 他苦口婆心地规劝我们。◆It’s amazing the lengths people will go to to get a job. 人们为找份工作煞费周章，令人惊叹。OBJ onlytrouble, expense, pains, lengths[v + prep + n] ●go to the ˈdogs (informal) to get into a very bad state衰落；没落◆Some people think this country is going to the dogs. 有人认为这个国家正走向没落。●go to sb’s ˈhead1. (of alcohol酒) to make sb feel drunk使醉；上头2. (of success, praise, etc.成功、赞扬等) to make sb feel very proud of themselves, especially in a way that other people find annoying（使）冲昏头脑，扬扬自得，忘乎所以●go to ˈpieces (informal) if sb goes to pieces, they become so upset or frightened that they cannot live or work normally萎靡不振；崩溃；心慌意乱◆It seems he goes to pieces in a crisis. 他好像危机临头就吓破了胆。●go to ˈpot (informal) to be spoiled because people are not working hard or taking care of things（因不努力或不上心而）荒废，完蛋◆His plan to make money had gone to pot. 他赚钱的计划泡汤了。●go to ˈsleep1.to fall asleep入睡；睡着2.if part of your body goes to sleep, you lose the sense of feeling in it（身体部位）麻木，毫无知觉●go to ˈtown (on sth)to do sth with a lot of energy and enthusiasm, especially spending a lot of money（尤指花大钱）大干一番，全力以赴◆They hadn’t got a garden, so they really went to town on indoor plants. 他们没有花园，所以十分热衷于栽培室内植物。●go to the ˈwallif a company or a business goes to the wall, it fails because of a lack of money（公司或企业因缺乏资金而）走投无路，倒闭，破产●ˌgo toˈgether1. (of two or more things两个或多个事物) to exist at the same time; to be often found together并存；相伴而生◆Money and happiness don’t always go together. 金钱并不总是意味着幸福。➡ see also go with sth (2)2.to look, taste, sound, etc. good together; to combine well with sth（外形、味道、声音等）和谐，相配◆These colours go together well. 这些色彩十分协调。◆Curry and pasta don’t go together. 咖喱和通心粉不对味。NOTEGo is also used * go 也作此义◆Curry and pasta don’t really go. 咖喱和通心粉实在是不对味。◆These colours don’t really go. 这些色彩实在是不协调。➡ see also go with sth (1)3. (becomingold-fashioned, especially NAmE) (usually used in the progressive tenses通常用于进行时) (of two people两人) to spend time with each other and have a romantic or sexual relationship相恋；相好◆They haven’t been going together long. 他们谈恋爱没多久。➡ see also go out (2)[v + adv]●ˈgo towards sth●ˈgo towards doing sthto be used as part of the payment for sth; to be used as part of sth成为…的部分付款；用于…（作为其中的一部分）◆The money will go towards buying a computer. 这笔钱会用来支付购买一部计算机的部分费用。◆All these marks go towards my final diploma. 这些分数都计入我的毕业文凭成绩。[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈunder1.to sink below the surface of the water沉入水中；沉没◆They had to swim to shore when the boat went under. 船沉下去了，他们只好向岸边游。◆Someone rushed to help him when he went under. 他落水后， 有人急忙下水去救他。2. (informal) to fail, lose power, etc.; to be unable to pay what you owe失败；垮台；破产◆A large number of small companies have gone under. 小公司大批倒闭。[v + adv]●ˈgo under sthto be known by a particular name or title名为；称为◆Does he go under any other names? 他有其他名字吗？OBJthe name of…, a different, etc. name, the title of…➡ see also go by sth (2)[v + prep]●ˌgo ˈup🔑1.to become higher in price, level, etc.; to rise（价格、水平等）上升，增长◆The price of cigarettes is going up. 香烟价格在上涨。◆Cigarettes are going up (in price). 香烟在涨价。◆My pension has gone up (by) £5 a week. 我的养老金每周涨了 5 英镑。SUBJprice, temperature SYNrise OPPcome down, go down➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析go up climb ◇ go up ◇ grow ◇ increase ◇ rise These are all verbs that can be used when an amount, level or number of sth gets bigger or higher. 这些动词都表示上涨、上升、增长。See alsoput sth up, shoot up. climb to become greater in level or value（水平或价值）上升，上涨The dollar / temperature / price of oil has been climbing all week.整整一周，美元汇率／气温／油价节节攀升。 go up to become greater in level or value（水平或价值）上升，上涨The price of cigarettes is going up.香烟价格在上涨。Do you think interest rates will go up again?你认为利率会再次提高吗？ grow to become greater in size, number or strength（大小、数字）上升；（强度）增强The company profits are expected to grow by 5% next year.公司利润明年有望增长 5%。She is growing in confidence all the time.她的信心越来越足。 increase to become greater in amount, level, number, degree, value, size or strength: 上升；上涨；增长The population has increased from 1.2 million to 1.8 million.人口从 120 万增长到 180 万。The rate of inflation increased by 2%.通货膨胀率上升了 2%。 rise to become greater in number, level or amount（数字、水平或数量）上升，增长rising fuel bills / crime rates不断上升的燃料费／犯罪率Unemployment has risen by 3%.失业率上升了 3%。Gas rose sharply in price.煤气价格快速上涨。 WHICH WORD? Rise is most often used to talk about the number or level of sth; grow and increase can also be used about size and strength * rise 常用于指数字或水平； grow 和 increase 也可用于指大小和强度 Profits / Numbers have risen / grown / increased.利润增长／数字攀升Her confidence / fear grew / increased.她的信心／恐惧增强了。 Climb is usually used about a number rather than an amount. * climb 通常用于指数字，而非数量。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSthe price / number rises / increases / climbs / goes upthe level / cost / temperature rises / increases / goes upthe size / amount grows / increasesto rise / grow / increase / climb / go up slightly / steadily / slowly / rapidly / dramatically / sharplyto rise / grow / increase / go up significantly / substantially / considerably2.(to sb/sth)to go towards sb/sth走向；前往◆He went up to the house and knocked on the door. 他走到屋前敲门。3.(to…)to travel from one place to another, especially from the south of a country to the north（尤指从一国南部某处）去（北部某处）；北上◆She’s gone up to Scotland to see her son. 她北上苏格兰去看儿子。◆Are you going up to London tomorrow? 你明天去伦敦吗？4.to be built; to be put up建起；竖起◆New office blocks are going up everywhere. 到处都在兴建新办公楼。5.to be destroyed by fire or an explosion焚毁；炸掉◆If one of the gas tanks goes up, there will be massive damage. 如果其中一个燃气罐爆炸，将会造成巨大破坏。◆The whole building went up in flames. 整幢建筑毁于大火。6.to be fixed in a public place张贴；张挂◆Notices have gone up all over the university. 大学校园到处张贴着通知。7.if the curtain across the stage in a theatre goes up, it is raised or opened（剧院舞台的帷幕）升起，拉开◆The stage was empty when the curtain went up. 幕布升起时，舞台上空空荡荡。SUBJcurtain OPPcome down8.if a loud sound such as a shout goes up, it is made by lots of people（喊声等）响起，爆发◆A huge cheer went up from the crowd. 人群中爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼声。SUBJcheer, cry9.(to/into sth) (of a sports team or a student运动队或学生) to move to a higher rank, position or class晋级；升级◆Oxford went up into the second division. 牛津队晋升到了二级联赛。◆Is she going up into the sixth form this year? 她今年要升入六年级吗？OPPgo down10.(to…) (BrE) to begin your studies at a university, especially Oxford or Cambridge; to begin a term at university上大学（尤指牛津或剑桥）；进入大学新学期◆She went up (to Oxford) in 1996. 她 1996 年上的（牛津）大学。OPPgo down[v + adv]●ˌgo ˈup🔑●ˌgo ˈup sth🔑to move from a lower position to a higher one or upstairs in a building上去；上来；上楼；沿…上去◆The lift goes up and down all day. 电梯整天上上下下的。◆Go up the ladder. 顺梯子爬上去。◆She went up the stairs very slowly. 她慢悠悠地爬上楼梯。◆Julie’s gone up to her room to change. 朱莉到她楼上的房间去换衣服。OBJstairs, hill, road SYNascend, ascend sth (formal) OPPgo down, go down sth, descend, descend sth (formal) [v + adv][v + prep]●ˌgo ˈup against sb/sth (NAmE, informal) to face sb/sth difficult, for example in a competition面临，应对（难以对付的人或事物）◆He went up against the champion in the second round. 他在第二轮遭遇冠军。◆In a consumer taste test, Coke went up against Pepsi. 在一次消费者品尝测验中，可口可乐与百事可乐狭路相逢。[v + adv + prep]●ˌgo ˈup to sthto come close to a particular point or time, or go in a particular direction接近（某一地点或时间）；通向◆This diary only goes up to November. 这本日记只写到 11 月。◆The road goes up to the school. 这条路通往学校。[v + adv + prep]●ˈgo with sb (old-fashioned, informal) to have a sexual or romantic relationship with sb; to have sex with sb与某人谈恋爱；与某人发生性关系◆She’s been going with him for quite a while. 她和他恋爱已好一阵子了。➡ see also go out (2)[v + prep]●ˈgo with sb/sth (informal, especially NAmE) to support a plan, an idea, etc. or the person suggesting it支持，赞同（计划、想法、提议者等）◆I’m prepared to go with her decision. 我愿意支持她的决定。◆I like Ted’s idea. Let’s go with it. 我赞成特德的主意。大家来支持吧。◆Which candidate shall we go with? 我们该投哪个候选人的票？[v + prep]●ˈgo with sth🔑1.to look, taste, sound, etc. good with sth; to combine well with sth（外形、味道、声音等）和谐，相称◆This sauce goes well with lamb. 这种调味汁和羊肉很对味。◆Does this skirt go with my jumper? 这条裙子和我的套衫搭配吗？➡ see also go together (2)2. (of two or more things两个或多个事物) to exist at the same time or in the same place as sth; to be often found together并存；相伴而生◆Disease often goes with poverty. 疾病与贫困常常相伴而生。◆She loves all the attention that goes with being famous. 她享受名气所带来的关注。➡ see also go together (1)3.to be included with or as a part of sth附属于；是…的一部分◆A new car goes with the job. 这份工作配有一辆新车。[v + prep]●ˌgo withˈout🔑●ˌgo withˈout sth🔑●ˌgo withˈout doing sth🔑to manage without sth which you usually have没有…而勉强应付；没有…也行◆I never want the children to have to go without. 我总是对孩子有求必应。◆She went without sleep for three days. 她熬了三天没睡觉。SYNdo without, do without sth[v + adv][v + prep]
