stand /stænd/ (stood, stood /stʊd/ ) ► SEE ALLstand aroundstand around sb/sthstand asidestand back (from sth)stand between A and Bstand bystand by sbstand by sthstand downstand sb/sth downstand for sthstand in (for sb)stand outstand over sbstand roundstand round sb/sth stand upstand sb up stand sb/sth up stand up for sb/sth/yourselfstand up to sb/sthstand up to sth●ˌstand aˈround●ˌstand aˈround sb/sth ( ˌstand aˈbout/ˈround, ˌstand ˈround sb/sth) to stand in a place doing nothing, either waiting for sb/sth or with no particular purpose（在某人旁或在某处）闲站着，站着等◆Don’t just stand around watching me, give me a hand. 别光站着看，帮我一把。◆There were a few people standing around the square. 广场四周站了几个人。◆A group of people stood around watching. 一群人站着观看。◆Young men stood about in groups, chatting. 小伙子们三五成群地站着闲聊。[v + adv][v + prep]●ˌstand aˈside1.to move to one side to let sb/sth pass站到一边；站开；让开◆Stand aside please and let her through. 请站开，让她过去。2.to take no part in events; to do nothing不参与；不介入◆I can’t stand aside and let you waste an opportunity like that. 我不能不管不问，让你把那样的机会浪费掉。3.to stop doing a job so that sb else can do it退居一旁；让位于人◆It’s time he stood aside and let somebody younger take his place. 他该引退并让位给年轻人了。[v + adv]●ˌstand ˈback (from sth)🔑1.to move a short distance away from sb/sth靠后站；退后◆Stand well back from the flames. 离那堆火远点。2.to be located at a distance from sth位于远离…的地方◆The house stands back from the road. 房子离公路有一段距离。3.to think about a situation as if you are not involved in it置身事外（来考虑）；旁观◆She found it hard to stand back from the situation. 她觉得很难把自己当成局外人。◆This is an opportunity to stand back and think about what you have achieved. 这是一个客观思考自己有何建树的机会。SYNstep back(from sth)[v + adv]●ˌstand beˈtween A and Bto prevent sb from doing or having sth, or being in a particular situation在…和…之间隔着；阻止◆Only three people stood between him and the crown (= becoming king). 妨碍他登上王位的只有三个人。◆Your lack of confidence is all that stands between you and a much better job. 缺乏自信是你得到更好工作的唯一障碍。[v + prep]●ˌstand ˈby🔑1.to be present when sth bad or unpleasant is happening, but not become involved袖手旁观；无动于衷；漠然置之◆I can’t stand idly by and let him take the blame for what happened. 我不能袖手旁观，让他对发生的事承担责任。◆I can’t stand by and see you ruin your life. 我不能眼睁睁看着你毁了自己的一生。2.(for sth)to be ready to take appropriate action作好准备（以便随时行动）；待命；候命◆The pilot was instructed to stand by for take-off. 飞行员接到指示作好随时起飞的准备。◆Fire crews are standing by in case of an explosion. 消防队员严阵以待，如有爆炸立刻出动。[v + adv]▸ˈbystander
noun
a person who is present but is not involved in sth旁观者◆Two innocent bystanders were hit by stray bullets. 两名无辜的旁观者被流弹击中。▸ˈstandby
noun
1. [countable] a person or a thing that can be used if sb/sth else is not available后备（或候补）人员；备用品◆Keep some candles as a standby in case the power fails. 存一些蜡烛，预备断电时用。◆Mia made a delicious meal from standbys in the store cupboard. 米娅用储藏柜里的备用食物做了一顿可口的饭菜。2. [uncountable] a state of being ready to act if necessary待命状态◆All local hospitals have been put on standby. 当地所有医院都进入了待命状态。3. [uncountable] if an electrical device such as a television is on standby, the power supply is switched on but it is not actually functioning （电器的）待机状态 ◆Do you leave the TV on standby? 电视机还在待机工作吗？▸ˈstandby
adjective
[only before noun]1.that can be used if other things are not available备用的；候补的◆standby supplies 备用物资◆Two divers work together while a standby diver remains on the surface. 两名潜水员协同作业，同时有一名候补潜水员留在水面上。2.a standby ticket for a flight, a theatre, etc. is one that cannot be bought in advance and is only available a very short time before the plane leaves or the performance starts（机票、戏票等）最后时刻出售的，剩余的◆standby passengers 买余票出行的乘客◆to fly standby (= with a standby ticket) 买剩余机票出行●ˌstand ˈby sb🔑to support or help sb in a difficult situation支持，帮助，忠于（处于困境的人）◆I’ll stand by you whatever happens. 不管发生什么事，我都支持你。SYNstick by sb (informal) [v + prep]●ˈstand by sthto continue to believe sth you said earlier even though the situation may now be different遵守（原先的诺言、协议等）；不改（初衷）◆I’ll stand by what I said earlier. 我会恪守我说过的话。◆The committee stood by their decision. 委员会维持他们的决定。[v + prep]●ˌstand ˈdown1.(as/from sth)to leave a job or position; to stop taking part in a race or a competition, etc.离职；下台；退出（比赛等）◆She stood down after only three months as chairman. 她只当了三个月主席就下台了。◆He stood down from the committee for personal reasons. 他出于个人原因退出了委员会。SYNstep down(as/from sth)2. (in court在法庭上) to leave the place where you stand to give evidence离开证人席◆The witness was allowed to stand down. 证人获准离开证人席。[v + adv]●ˌstand sb/sth ˈdownto give an official order that a group of people, equipment, etc. should no longer be in operation 命令（人员）撤离；指示（设备）停工 ◆The regiment will be stood down from next month. 该团自下月起将被撤回。[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n]●ˈstand for sth🔑1. (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to be a shorter form of sth是…的缩写；是…的意思；代表◆What does DVD stand for? DVD 代表什么？2.to support sth; to be in favour of sth支持；主张；赞同◆Our party stands for racial harmony. 我们党主张各种族和谐相处。◆I hated him and all he stood for. 我讨厌他，也讨厌他的一切主张。3. (used in negative sentences and questions用于否定句和疑问句) to allow sth to happen or sb to do sth容忍；忍受；允许◆I won’t stand for this behaviour. 我无法容忍这种行为。SYNput up with sth, tolerate sth[v + prep]●ˌstand ˈin (for sb)to take sb’s place代替，顶替（某人）◆We’ll need someone to stand in for you while you’re away. 你不在期间，我们需要有个人顶替你。SYNdeputize(for sb) (formal) [v + adv]▸ˈstand-in
noun
1.a person who does sb’s job for a short time while they are away or not available（职位或工作的）临时替代者◆Tom acted as my stand-in while I was abroad. 我出国期间由汤姆代职。◆a stand-in goalkeeper 替补守门员2.a person who replaces an actor in some scenes in a film/movie, especially dangerous ones（尤指电影中代拍危险场景的）替身演员◆rehearsing with stand-ins 和替身一起排练●ˌstand ˈout🔑1.(against/from sth)to be clearly visible显眼；突出◆His yellow jacket stood out clearly against the grey hillside. 在灰色的山坡上，他的黄色上衣显得特别醒目。◆The tower stands out against the sky. 塔楼在天空映衬下格外显眼。◆A small figure in red stood out from the rest of the group. 一个穿红衣服的小个子在人群中特别惹眼。SYNstick out2.(as/from sb/sth)to be much better or more important than other people or things出色；杰出；更为重要◆This building stands out from the rest because of its design. 这座建筑因其设计显得卓尔不群。◆She’s the sort of person who always stands out in a crowd. 她是那种在哪儿都能脱颖而出的人。➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析stand out excel ◇ shine ◇ stand out These verbs all mean to be much better than other people or things, especially at doing sth.这些动词都表示出色、杰出，尤指更擅长做某事。 excel to be very good at doing sth擅长；善于She has always excelled in foreign languages.她一向擅长外语。Music was something at which he excelled.他擅长音乐。 shine to be very good at sth擅长；善于He failed to shine academically, but was extremely popular with the other students.他学业不出众，但在同学中间人缘极好。 stand out to be much better or more important than other people or things出色；杰出；更为重要Of all the members of the cast, two in particular stood out.在所有演员当中，有两位演技特别出众。There will be lots of applications for the job, so yours really needs to stand out.这份工作会有很多人应聘，所以你确实需要胜人一筹才行。 WHICH WORD? Shine is used especially in the phrase shining example and when talking about people doing well at school or college. Excel is used especially to talk about people being good at particular subjects or skills. * shine 尤用于 shining example 这个短语以及指学业优异。excel 尤用于指擅长某类课程或技能。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSto excel at sthto excel / stand out as sthto shine / excel academically3.(against/for sb/sth)to oppose or refuse to accept sth that you believe is wrong反对，拒绝接受（认定错误的事情）◆Parents often stand out against troublesome behaviour for some time, then give in. 做父母的常常对令人生厌的行为反对一段时间之后就听之任之了。SYNstick out for sth, hold out against/for sth[v + adv] ●stand out like a sore thumbto be very noticeable in an unpleasant way刺眼；碍眼◆Dressed like that, you’ll stand out like a sore thumb. 你穿戴成那样会很扎眼。▸outˈstanding
adjective
1.excellent杰出的；卓越的◆an outstanding young actress 优秀的年轻女演员2. [usually before noun] very obvious or important突出的；明显的；重要的◆Lake Baikal is one of earth’s outstanding features. 贝加尔湖风景优美，举世瞩目。3. (of payment, work, problems, etc.款项、工作、困难等) not yet paid, done, solved, etc.未支付的；未完成的；未解决的◆to repay outstanding debts 清偿欠债◆I don’t have any urgent work outstanding. 我没什么未做完的紧要工作。▸outˈstandingly
adverb
1.used to emphasize the good quality of sth特别；异常◆outstandingly beautiful / successful 特别美丽／成功2.extremely well优异；极好◆Owen has played outstandingly this season. 欧文本赛季表现极佳。▸ˈstandout
noun
(informal, especially NAmE) a person or thing that is better, more impressive, etc. than others of a similar type 杰出的人（或物）；出众的人（或物） ◆This is my list of standouts in this week’s CD chart. 这是我制作的本周 CD 排行榜的最佳 CD。▸ˈstandout
adjective
[only before noun] (informal, especially NAmE) better, more impressive, etc. than others of a similar type 杰出的；出众的；不同凡响的 ◆There are a few real standout moments which put this movie ahead of others in its class. 这部影片确实有几个出彩的桥段，比同类其他影片高出一筹。●ˌstand ˈover sbto remain close to sb and watch them, usually to make sure that they behave or do sth correctly监督，监视（某人）◆She won’t do her homework unless I stand over her. 除非我在旁边看着她，否则她不会做作业。◆I can’t concentrate with you standing over me. 你在旁边盯着我，我无法集中精神。[v + prep]●ˌstand ˈround●ˌstand ˈround sb/sth (BrE) ➡stand around, stand around sb/sth●ˌstand ˈup🔑1.to rise to your feet from a sitting or lying position; to be on your feet站立；站起；起立◆Darcy stood up when Emma came into the room. 埃玛一进房间，达西就站了起来。◆There was silence when the President stood up to speak. 总统起身讲话，会场静了下来。◆Stand up straight instead of slouching. 站直身子，别歪歪斜斜的。◆Horses can sleep standing up. 马能站着睡觉。➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析stand up be on your feet ◇ get to your feet ◇ get up ◇ rise ◇ stand up These verbs all mean to be in an upright position with your weight on your feet, or to put yourself in this position.这些动词都表示站着或起立。 be on your feet to be in a standing position站着；立着；站立着I've been on my feet all day.我站了一整天了。 get to your feet to stand after sitting, kneeling or lying起身；站起；起立I helped her to get to her feet.我扶她站了起来。‘I'd better be going,’ he said, getting to his feet.“我该走了。”他说着站起身来。 get up to get into a standing position from a sitting, kneeling or lying position起身；站起；起立Please don't get up! I can let myself out.请别站起来！我自己能出去。She got up and left the room.她站起身来出了房间。 rise (formal) to get into a standing position from a sitting, kneeling or lying position起身；站起；起立They rose from the table.他们从桌边站起来。She rose to her feet.她站起身来。 stand up to be in a standing position; to stand after sitting站立；站起；起立Stand up straight!站直了！I've been standing up for hours.我已经站了几个小时了。He stood up and put on his coat.他站起身来穿上了外套。 NOTEStand can be used on its own * stand 可单独使用Everyone stood when the President entered the room.总统一走进房间，大家都站了起来。 WHICH WORD? Stand usually means ‘to be in a standing position’: to stand talking; but it can also mean ‘to get into a standing position’. Stand up can be used with either of these meanings, but its use is more restricted: it is used especially when sb tells sb or a group of people to stand, or when sb has to stand up (for example, because there is nowhere to sit). Get up is the most frequent way of saying ‘get into a standing position’, and this can be from a sitting, kneeling or lying position; if you stand up, this is nearly always after sitting, especially on a chair. * stand 通常指“站立着”：to stand talking 站着说话；但也可指“站立起来”。stand up 可用于指这两个意义，但使用范围较窄：它尤用于指叫别人站起来，或不得不站起来（例如，因为无处可坐）。get up 是最常见的表示“站立起来”的说法，可指从坐着、跪着或躺着的状态站起身来； stand up 几乎总是指从坐着的状态站起身来，尤指从椅子上站起。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSto get up / rise / stand up from sthto stand / get up / rise / stand up quickly / slowlyto stand / stand up straight2.(to sth)to remain true or correct even when tested, examined closely, etc.经得起（考验、审查等）；站得住脚◆Your theory doesn’t stand up to close examination. 你的理论经不起仔细推敲。◆His story won’t stand up under cross-examination. 他的陈述经不起详细诘问。SYNhold up3.(to sth)to be strong enough not to be harmed by sth经受住（打击等）；毫发无损◆The children stood up well under questioning from the police. 孩子们顶住了警察的盘问。◆The players are standing up to the tour well. 演员们在巡回演出中丝毫未显疲态。[v + adv]▸ˈstand-up
adjective
[only before noun]1.a stand-up comedian is an entertainer who tells jokes to an audience单人滑稽表演的；说单人脱口秀的◆stand-up comedy 单人脱口秀◆a stand-up act 单人脱口秀表演2. (especially BrE) a stand-up argument, fight, etc. is one in which people shout loudly at each other or are violent towards each other（争论、打斗等）激烈的◆He had a stand-up row with the team captain. 他和队长大吵了一架。3. (NAmE, informal) honest and easy to trust or depend on 诚实的；信得过的；堂堂正正的 ◆He was known in business circles as a stand-up guy. 他在商界以诚实可靠著称。●ˌstand sb ˈup (informal) to deliberately fail to meet sb you have arranged to meet, especially sb you are having a romantic relationship with（尤指恋人）故意失约使某人空等◆We agreed to meet at the cinema but she stood me up. 我们约好在电影院见面，可她让我空等一场。◆I’ve been stood up! 我被放鸽子了！[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n] (less frequent) ●ˌstand sb/sth ˈup (especially NAmE) to prepare a group of people, equipment, etc. to do a particular job 配备好（人员）；备妥（设备等） ◆The authorities have stood up a special team to deal with the disaster. 当局已成立专门小组应对这场灾难。[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n]●ˌstand ˈup for sb/sth/yourself🔑to support or defend sb/sth/yourself, especially when sb is criticizing them/it/you支持；维护◆She’s always stood up for her friends. 她总是为朋友辩解。◆You should stand up for what you believe in. 你应该坚守自己的信念。◆He’s always telling her what to do. It’s time she stood up for herself! 他总是对她指手画脚。现在她该挺身保护自己了！◆James doesn’t need you to stand up for him. 詹姆斯不需要你为他辩护。OBJyour rights, your interests[v + adv + prep]●ˌstand ˈup to sb/sthto resist sb/sth; to defend your position against a more powerful person or organization that is treating you badly or unfairly抵抗；勇敢维护；反抗（不公正待遇）◆If you don’t stand up to him he’ll treat you like dirt. 你如果俯首帖耳，他就根本不会尊重你。◆It was difficult for Paul to stand up to his father’s rage. 保罗难以招架父亲的暴怒。[v + adv + prep]➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析stand up to sb defy sb/sth ◇ go against sb/sth ◇ oppose sth ◇ resist sth ◇ stand up to sb/sth These verbs all mean to speak or act against things that you disagree with.这些动词都表示反对、反抗、抵抗。 defy sb / sth to refuse to obey or show respect for sb / sth in authority, a law, rule or decision拒绝遵从，违抗，藐视（权威、法律、规则或决定）I wouldn't have dared to defy my teachers.我可不敢与老师作对。Hundreds of people today defied the ban on political gatherings.今天有数百人违反禁令参加了政治集会。 go against sb / sth to disagree with a rule or sb's wishes and do the opposite of what they say反对，反抗（规则或某人的愿望）；与…相违背He would not go against his parents' wishes.他不会违背父母的意愿。 oppose sb / sth to disagree strongly with a person, plan or policy, and to speak or act against them反对，抵制（某人、计划或政策）This party would bitterly oppose the re-introduction of the death penalty.该党将会强烈反对恢复死刑。He found himself opposed by his own deputy.他发现自己的副手反对自己。 resist sth to refuse to accept a change or what sb wants to do, and try to stop it from happening抗拒，抵抗，抵御（变革或某人想做的事情）They are determined to resist pressure to change the law.他们决意顶住压力，拒绝修改法律。 stand up to sb / sth to refuse to accept bad treatment from a more powerful person or organization without complaining勇敢面对，反抗（欺压）It was brave of her to stand up to those bullies.她很有勇气，敢于反抗那些恃强凌弱之徒。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSto oppose / resist change / a plan / a proposal / an ideato oppose a decisionto oppose / defy a ban / the law / sb's wishesto oppose / defy / stand up to the governmentto defy your parents / authority / a rule / an orderto effectively / fiercely / bitterly / strongly oppose / resist sth●ˌstand ˈup to sth🔑 (of a product, material, etc.产品、材料等) to be able to stay in good condition even though it is treated roughly能承受；经受得住；耐用◆Will your china and glass stand up to family wear and tear? 你的瓷器和玻璃器皿禁得起家庭使用的磕磕碰碰吗？SYNwithstand sth (formal) [v + adv + prep]
