set /set/ (setting, set, set) ► SEE ALLset about sb (with sth) set about sthset about doing sthset sb against sbset sth against sthset sth ahead set sb/sth apart (from sb/sth)set sth apart set sth asideset sb back sth set sb/sth backset sth back be set back (from sth)set downset sth downset sb down set sth downset forth set forth sth set inset sth in/into sthset offset sb offset sb off doing sth set sth offset sth off against sthset on/upon sb set sb/sth on sbset outset sth outset to set upset sth upset upset yourself upset sb upset sth upset yourself upset yourself up as sthset upon sb ●ˈset about sb (with sth) (old-fashioned, BrE) to attack sb袭击；攻击；抨击◆He set about me with a stick. 他用棍子打我。[v + prep]●ˈset about sth●ˈset about doing sth1.to begin a task or an activity, especially with energy or enthusiasm开始进行；开展（活动等）◆We set about the task of cleaning the apartment. 我们动手打扫公寓。2.to approach a problem or task in a particular way着手处理（问题）；展开（工作）◆You’ve set about this problem the wrong way. 你处理这个问题的方式错了。◆How should I set about finding a job? 我该怎样着手找份工作呢？SYNgo about sth, go about doing sth[v + prep]●ˈset sb aˈgainst sbto make sb oppose a friend, relative, etc.使反对（朋友、亲人等）◆The civil war set brother against brother. 内战造成手足相残。[v + n/pron + prep]●ˌset sth aˈgainst sth1.to consider sth by comparing good points with bad ones权衡，掂量，比较（得失或优劣）◆Set against the benefits of the new technology is the possibility that jobs will be lost. 权衡利弊，新技术固然有种种好处，但亦可能使一些人失去工作。SYNbalance A against B2. ( ˈset sth ˈoff against sth) (finance金融) to record sth as a business cost as a way of reducing the amount of tax you must pay把…计作（营业成本）以降低（纳税额）◆The cost of looking for oil can be set against tax as business expenditure. 勘探石油的成本可按营业支出记账以减税。3.be set against sthif sth is set against sth else, it is placed near it or next to it so that the difference between the two is very noticeable与…形成对比；以…作为衬托◆views of rocky islands set against fiery sunsets 石矶岛和火红的落日交相辉映的景色◆Set against her white dress, her hair seemed even darker. 在白色连衣裙的映衬下，她的头发显得越发乌黑。4.be set against sthif a story, a film/movie, etc. is set against a particular time, event or place, the action happens at that time or place（故事、电影等）以…为背景，发生在◆It is a love story set against a backdrop of rural Irish life. 这是一个以爱尔兰乡村生活为背景的爱情故事。NOTEIn meanings 3 and 4 set sth against sth is only used in the passive.作第 3 和第 4 义时，set sth against sth 只用于被动语态。1, 2[v + n/pron + prep]3, 4[be + v + prep]●ˌset sth aˈhead (NAmE) to change a clock or watch to show the correct later time把（钟表）拨快（以校正时间）◆Don’t forget to set your clocks ahead tonight (= because the time has officially changed). 今晚别忘了把时钟调快。OBJclock, watch SYNput sth forward (BrE) OPPset sth back (NAmE) , put sth back (BrE) [v + n/pron + adv]●ˌset sb/sth aˈpart (from sb/sth)to make sb/sth different from or better than others使与众不同；使突出；使优于◆His confidence sets him apart from his classmates. 他的自信使他有别于同班同学。◆It’s the service at the restaurant that sets it apart. 这家餐馆的服务独具特色。[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n] (less frequent) ●ˌset sth aˈpart (BrE) ( ˌset sth aˈsideNAmE, BrE) to keep sth such as money or time for a special use or purpose留出（金钱、时间等）；拨出（供专用）◆A room was set apart for quiet reading. 留出了一间房作为安静的读书室。[v + adv + n][v + pron + adv][v + n + adv] (less frequent) ●ˌset sth aˈside1.to place sth to one side把…放到一旁；把…搁到一边◆I set her letter aside, meaning to read it later. 我把她的信放到一边，留待以后再读。SYNput sth aside2.to save or keep sth for a particular purpose省出；留出◆She sets aside £50 every month for her daughter’s college fees. 她每月存下 50 英镑留作女儿上大学的费用。◆We need to set aside some time to deal with this. 我们得抽点时间处理这件事。OBJmoney, time SYNput sth aside3.to ignore sth such as your feelings or opinions, because other things are important暂不考虑；暂且放下◆We decided to set our differences aside. 我们决定搁置分歧。◆Let’s set aside my personal feelings for now. 眼下咱们就不要顾及我个人的感受了。SYNput sth aside4.➡set sth apart◆Restaurants must set aside an area for non-smokers. 餐馆必须留出禁烟区。OBJarea, room SYNput sth aside5. (law法律) to reject a previous decision made by a court撤销，驳回（法庭判决）；宣布无效◆The verdict was set aside by the Appeal Court. 上诉法庭驳回了该裁决。OBJdecision, conviction SYNoverturn sth (more formal) [v + adv + n][v + n/pron + adv]▸ˈset-aside
noun
[uncountable] a system in which the government pays farmers not to use some of their land for growing crops; the land that the farmers are paid not to use（政府补贴农民退耕部分耕地的）退耕补贴制度；退耕地◆750 acres of set-aside 750 英亩的退耕田地●ˌset sb ˈback sth (informal) to cost sb a large amount of money使花费；使破费◆That new car must have set her back a bit. 新汽车一定让她破费了一笔。◆This watch set me back £200. 这只表花了我 200 英镑。SYNknock sb back sth (BrE, informal) NOTENot used in the passive.不用于被动语态。[v + n/pron + adv + n]●ˌset sb/sth ˈbackto delay the progress of sb/sth耽搁…的进展；耽误；使延误◆The rain set the building programme back by several weeks. 建筑计划因雨延误了几周。◆He was starting to play very well, but his injury has really set him back. 他开始表现得非常好，但伤病着实拖了他的后腿。[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n]▸ˈsetback
noun
a problem or difficulty that delays the progress of sb/sth挫折；障碍◆Parry’s broken ankle was a major setback for the team. 帕里脚踝骨折对该队是一大打击。●ˌset sth ˈback (NAmE) to change a clock or watch to show the correct earlier time把（钟表）拨慢（以校正时间）◆I forgot to set my watch back last night (= when the time officially changed). 我昨晚忘记把手表调慢了。OBJclock, watch SYNput sth back (BrE) OPPput sth forward (BrE) , set sth ahead (NAmE) [v + n/pron + adv]●be ˌset ˈback (from sth)if a building is set back, it is a long way from sth, especially a road（建筑物）远离（公路等）◆Their house is the only one that’s set back (from the road). 只有他们的房子位置（离公路）远。[be + v + adv]●ˌset ˈdown●ˌset sth ˈdown (of a plane, a pilot, passengers, etc.飞机、飞行员、乘客等) to land着陆；降落◆We set down on the beach. 我们在沙滩上着陆了。◆The pilot set the plane down in a field. 飞行员把飞机降落在一块田里。SYNput down (especially BrE) , land, land sth[v + adv][v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n]●ˌset sb ˈdown (BrE) (of a vehicle or its driver车辆或驾驶员) to stop and allow sb to get off/out让人下车；停车卸客◆The taxi set me down at the end of the road. 出租车在路的尽头让我下了车。SYNdrop sb/sth off OPPpick sb up[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n]●ˌset sth ˈdown1.(on sth) (literary) to place an object down on a surface放下；搁下◆He set his glass down before he spoke. 他放下玻璃杯开始说话。◆She set the tray down on the table. 她把托盘放在桌上。SYNput sth down2.to write sth down on paper in order to record it写下；记下◆I wanted to set my thoughts down on paper. 我想把自己的想法写下来。◆It’s a good idea to set down your complaint in writing. 以书面形式投诉是个好主意。SYNput sth down3.to give sth as a rule, etc.制定（规则等）；规定◆to set down guidelines / rules 制定指导方针／规则◆qualifying standards set down by the Athletics Association 由运动员协会制定的资格标准1, 2[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n]3[v + adv + n][v + pron + adv][v + n + adv] (rare) ●ˌset ˈforth (literary) to start a journey出发；动身；起程◆They set forth for Crete. 他们动身前往克里特岛。SYNset out (less formal) [v + adv]●ˌset ˈforth sth (formal) to state sth clearly; to make sth known明确陈述；声明◆The President set forth his views in a long television broadcast. 总统在长篇电视讲话中阐述了自己的观点。◆Her beliefs have been clearly set forth. 她已经表明了自己的信念。NOTEWhen the object of set forth is a noun, it comes after forth, but when the object is a pronoun, it comes between set and forth * set forth 的宾语如果是名词，应置于 forth 之后，但如果是代词，应置于 set 和 forth 之间◆I have my opinions on the matter, but I would never set them forth in public. 对此事我有自己的见解，但我永远也不会公之于众。[v + adv + n][v + pron + adv]●ˌset ˈinif bad weather, an unpleasant feeling, an illness, etc. sets in, it begins and seems likely to continue（恶劣天气、不快感觉、疾病等）到来，开始◆I need to mend the roof before winter sets in. 冬天到来前我得把屋顶修好。◆Panic set in when she realized how much work there was to do. 意识到有那么多活儿要干后，她一下子就慌了。◆He eventually agreed to stay in bed, but it was too late—pneumonia had set in. 他终于同意卧床休息，可是太晚了──他患上了肺炎。SUBJpanic, winter[v + adv] ●the ˈrot set inused to describe the fact that a situation has become very bad and will continue like that情况变坏；每况愈下◆She had problems at her first school, but when she changed schools the rot really set in. 她在第一所学校学习就不好，然而转学后情况更糟。●ˌset sth ˈin/ˈinto sthto fix sth in a space so that it does not stick out beyond the surface把…嵌入（…之内）◆A small safe had been set into the wall. 墙壁里放了个小保险箱。NOTEUsually used in the passive.通常用于被动语态。NOTEThe verb inset sth has a similar meaning.动词 inset sth 含义相近。[v + n/pron + prep]▸ˈinset
noun
1.a small picture, map, etc. inside a larger one（套印在大图、地图等中的）小图，小地图◆The committee members’ names appeared in an inset. 委员会成员名字列在了插图中。2.a piece of material, a small stone, etc. that is added on to sth else or put inside sth else嵌入物；附加物◆a silver brooch with ruby insets 镶嵌红宝石的银胸针●ˌset ˈoff🔑to begin a journey出发；动身；起程◆I set off for work at seven. 我七点钟动身上班。◆Check your oil before setting off on a long journey. 长途旅行出发前要检查一下油量。◆When are you planning to set off? 你准备什么时候上路？[v + adv]➡ SYNONYMS 同义词辨析set off leave ◇ set off ◇ set out ◇ start These verbs all mean to begin a journey.这些动词都表示出发、动身、起程。 leave to go away from a person or place离开It was raining when we left.我们走时天正下着雨。 set off to begin a journey出发；动身；起程We set off at dawn.我们黎明时分上路了。Check all the doors and windows are locked before setting off.出发前检查一下所有门窗是否都锁好了。The group set off for Rome the next day.第二天那伙人起程去罗马。 set out to leave a place and begin a journey出发；动身；起程They set out on the last stage of their journey.他们踏上了最后一段旅程。 start out to begin a journey出发；动身；起程They started out at five o'clock in the morning.他们早上五点动身了。 NOTEStart can be used on its own * start 可单独使用I should get there by the afternoon if I start early. 出发早的话，我下午能到那儿。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONSto set off / start (out) / set out late / early / at midday / at 9 o'clockto set off / start (out) / set out for / from…to set off / start / set out back (to …)to set off / start (out) / set out on a journey / voyage / tripbefore setting off / starting (out) / setting out●ˌset sb ˈoff●ˌset sb ˈoff doing sth (informal, especially BrE) to make sb start doing sth such as laughing, crying or talking使笑起来；使哭起来；使说起话来◆Those photos always set her off (crying). 她一见那些照片就哭。◆Just seeing him laughing sets me off! (= makes me start laughing) 一看到他笑，我就忍不住笑！SYNstart sb off, start sb off doing sth[v + n/pron + adv]●ˌset sth ˈoff🔑1.to make a bomb, etc. explode使（炸弹等）爆炸；起爆◆to set off fireworks 燃放烟火◆They set the bomb off as soon as they were a safe distance away. 他们一退到安全距离就引爆了炸弹。OBJbomb, firework2.to make an alarm start使（警报）响起；拉响（警报）◆The burglars set the alarm off. 窃贼弄响了防盗器。◆If you burn the toast you’ll set the smoke alarm off. 面包片如果烤焦，烟雾报警器就会响。OBJalarm3.to start a process or series of events引发，激起（一连串事件）◆The news set off a wave of panic on world markets. 这则消息引起全球市场的一阵恐慌。◆The girl’s death set off a terrible chain of events. 女孩之死引发了一连串可怕的事情。OBJpanic, chain/series of events➡ see also set sth up (4)4.to make sth appear more attractive by being placed near it烘托；使突出；使显得更夺目◆That scarf sets off the blue of her eyes. 围巾衬托出她的蓝眼睛。1, 2[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n]3, 4[v + adv + n][v + n/pron + adv]●ˌset sth ˈoff against sthNOTEThe verb offset sth (against sth) has a similar meaning动词 offset sth (against sth) 含义相近◆There are certain expenses that you can offset against tax. 某些支出可以抵税。➡set sth against sth (2)●ˈset on/upon sb (formal) to attack sb攻击；袭击◆I was set upon by a gang of youths. 我遭到一伙青年的袭击。NOTEOften used in the passive.常用于被动语态。[v + prep]●ˈset sb/sth on sbto make a person or an animal attack sb使攻击（或袭击）某人◆The farmer threatened to set his dogs on us if we didn’t leave at once. 农夫威胁说，如果我们不马上离开，他就放狗咬我们。[v + n/pron + prep]●ˌset ˈout🔑1.to leave a place and begin a journey, especially a long journey（尤指长途旅行）出发，动身，起程◆They set out on the last stage of their journey. 他们踏上最后一段行程。◆We set out at dawn. 拂晓时分，我们上路了。2.ˌset ˈout to do sthto begin to do sth with a particular aim or purpose（胸怀目标）开始工作，展开任务◆She set out to break the world record. 她开始力争打破世界纪录。◆They succeeded in what they had set out to do. 他们实现了既定的目标。[v + adv]2also[v + adv + to + inf]▸ˈoutset
noun
the beginning of sth开端；开始；起点◆We knew the danger at / from the outset. 我们从一开始就意识到了危险。●ˌset sth ˈout1.to arrange or display sth摆列；陈列；排列◆She began setting out plates and glasses. 她开始摆放盘子和玻璃杯。◆Set out your answers neatly. 把答案写得工整些。2.to present ideas, facts, etc. in a clear, organized way, in speech or writing（条分缕析地）陈述，表明◆This document sets out our objections to the proposal. 这份文件阐明了我们对提案的反对意见。OBJterms, reasons, policies, conditions1[v + adv + n][v + n/pron + adv]2[v + adv + n][v + pron + adv][v + n + adv] (rare) ●ˌset ˈto (old-fashioned, formal, especially BrE) 1.to begin doing sth in a busy or determined way起劲地干起来；毅然开始做◆She set to with a scrubbing brush (= she started cleaning). 她拿起刷子起劲地擦洗起来。2.to begin fighting开始打架◆They took off their jackets and set to. 他们脱掉外衣就打了起来。[v + adv]▸ˌset-ˈto
noun
[singular] (informal, especially BrE) a fight or an argument打架；争吵◆He had a set-to with one of his workmates. 他和一位工友吵了一架。●ˌset ˈup●ˌset sth ˈupto make a machine, some equipment, etc. ready to use安装好，装配好，调试好（机器、设备等）◆He helped me to carry my equipment in and set up. 他帮我把设备搬进来并调试好。◆It took hours to set up all the equipment. 花了好几个小时才把所有的设备安装好。[v + adv][v + adv + n][v + n/pron + adv]●ˌset ˈup●ˌset yourself ˈupto start running your own business立业；创业◆He left the firm and set up in business on his own. 他离开了公司自己创业。◆She set herself up as a hairdresser. 她自己开了个美发店。[v + adv][v + pron + adv]●ˌset sb ˈup1.to provide sb with the money they need, for example to start a business, buy a home, etc.资助，经济上扶持（某人）◆A bank loan helped to set her up in business. 她靠一笔银行贷款做起了生意。◆He set his daughter up in her own apartment. 他资助女儿买了她自己的公寓。◆If you win tonight’s fight, you’ll be set up for life(= have all the money you will ever need). 你如果赢了今晚的拳击比赛，这辈子就不愁钱花了。2. (informal) to trick sb, especially by making them appear to be guilty of sth that they have not done（栽赃）诬陷，冤枉（某人）◆He claimed he had been set up by the police. 他说警方冤枉了他。3. (informal) to make sb feel healthier, stronger, more active, etc.使更健康；使更强壮；使更活泼◆A good breakfast will set you up for the day. 早餐吃好一天都精力充沛。4.(with sb) (informal) to arrange for sb to meet sb so that they can have a romantic or sexual relationship介绍某人（和…）约会；给…当红娘；为…搭桥◆He set me up with his sister. 他介绍我和他妹妹约会。[v + n/pron + adv][v + adv + n][v + n + adv] (less frequent) ▸ˈset-up
noun
[usually singular] (informal) 1.a situation in which sb tricks you or makes it seem as if you are guilty of sth that you have not done诬陷；构陷；栽赃◆I didn’t do it, this is a set-up! 那事我没干，这是陷害！2.a situation when sb arranges for you to meet sb in order to begin a romantic or sexual relationship经人介绍约会；相亲◆a set-up date 相亲约会●ˌset sth ˈup🔑1.to create sth or start a business, an organization, etc.创建；建立；开办◆She gave a talk on setting up a business. 她就如何创业发表了演说。◆A committee was set up to investigate the problem. 已成立委员会调查这个问题。◆young people setting up home for the first time 初次成家的年轻人OBJbusiness, committee, system, company2.to build sth or put sth somewhere架起；设立；设置◆The police set up roadblocks on all main roads. 警方在所有干道上设置了路障。➡ note at put sth together3.to organize or arrange sth; to make the arrangements for sth to happen组织；安排；策划◆to set up a meeting 筹划会议◆We’ll set up the transport arrangements. 我们来安排交通工具。OBJmeeting4.to start a process or a series of events引发，导致（一连串的事件）◆The crisis set up a chain reaction in other European markets. 这次危机在欧洲的其他市场引起了连锁反应。OBJchain reaction, chain of events➡ see also set sth off (3)[v + adv + n][v + n/pron + adv]▸ˈset-up
noun
[usually singular] (informal) the way sth is organized or arranged; a system组织；机构；建制；体制◆I’ve only been here a week so I don’t really know the set-up. 我刚到一个星期，所以还不太清楚这里的组织架构。●ˌset yourself ˈup➡set up, set yourself up●ˌset yourself ˈup as sthto claim to be very important, know a lot about sth, etc.以…自居；自诩为；自夸为◆He set himself up as an authority on modern art. 他自我标榜为现代艺术权威。[v + pron + adv + prep]●ˈset upon sb (formal) ➡set on/upon sb
