| 词组 | sum |
| 释义 | sum [summed, summed, summing] sum up 1. sum up sth • sum sth up to describe something using only a few words: ▪ "Hey, how was your date?" Vanessa summed it up in a word: "Hell". ▪ My friend Hope sums up the philosophy of life in Italy this way: "If you are going to have a meal, you might as well have it on a beautiful plate.'' 2. sum up • sum up sth • sum sth up if you sum up at the end of a meeting, lesson, speech, or piece of writing, you state the most important points again: ▪ Once we've shown you the video, Gary will come back and just sum up very briefly, and then we'll answer any questions. ▪ There's a paragraph at the end of each chapter that sums up the main points. to sum up (=used before summing up at the end of a speech or report) ▪ So, to sum up, we need to concentrate on two things - staff training and improved communication. ■ SIMILAR TO: summarize summing-up n C a statement giving the most important facts but not the details of something, especially made by the judge at the end of a trial: ▪ In his summing-up, the judge warned the jury that it was dangerous to convict someone on the evidence of one victim alone. 3. sum up sb/sth • sum sb/sth up to show the most typical qualities of someone or something: ▪ Andy Warhol's pictures seemed to sum up the new consumer society of the 1960s. ▪ It was a damp, dark room with very little furniture. The place seemed to sum up Kai's bleak and empty life. ■ SIMILAR TO: epitomize formal 4. sum up sb/sth • sum sb/sth up BrE to quickly form a judgement or opinion about someone or something: ▪ She's a clever young woman. She'll soon sum up the situation. ▪ He looked long and hard at the younger executive as if trying to sum him up. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑suss out spoken informal, especially BrE |
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