| 词组 | keep |
| 释义 | keep [kept, kept, keeping] keep after keep after sb to ask someone again and again to do something until they do it: ▪ Tony's children and relatives kept after him to stop drinking. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑keep on at keep at 1. keep at sth spoken to continue to do something, although it is difficult or hard work: ▪ How long do you think you'll keep at this job? keep at it ▪ I know the training is hard, but keep at it. Don't give up. ■ SIMILAR TO: stick at it 2. keep sb at it to make someone continue to work hard and not let them stop: ▪ Trevor will never pass his piano exam if he doesn't practise - you have to keep him at it. ▪ The director called yet another rehearsal; he was determined to keep them at it as long as possible. keep away 1. keep away to not go near a person, place, or animal: ▪ You'd better keep away, I don't want you to get my cold. + from ▪ Keep away from that dog, it might bite you! ▪ If I were you I'd keep away from that area at night. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑stay away 2. keep sb/sth away • keep away sb/sth to prevent someone or something from going near a person or place: ▪ Rub the liquid on your skin to keep mosquitoes away. + from ▪ Mom kept us away from school for a week. ▪ To avoid danger of suffocation, keep plastic bags away from babies and children. 3. keep away sth • keep sth away to prevent an illness from infecting someone: ▪ Vitamin C is supposed to keep away colds. keep back 1. keep back to not stand near something or not move towards it: ▪ Keep well back, please. This could be dangerous. + from ▪ Police were telling people to keep back from the side of the road. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑stand back 2. keep back sb/sth • keep sb/sth back to prevent someone or something from moving forward or going past a particular place: ▪ The organizers have put up barriers to keep back crowds. ▪ He had a white rag, which he tied around his head to keep his hair back. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑hold back 3. keep sth back • keep back sth to keep part of something instead of using it all immediately, or giving it all to someone else, so that you have it to use later: ▪ I managed to keep back a couple of cases of beer, just for our own use. ▪ While the women spent everything on their families, men typically kept money back for themselves. 4. keep sth back to deliberately not tell someone all that you know about something: ▪ I've honestly no idea what happened - do you think I'd keep anything back if I knew? + from ▪ Ellie was sure he was keeping something back from her. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑hold back, withhold formal 5. keep back sth • keep sth back if you keep back your tears or your feelings, you do not cry or show your feelings, even though you want to very much: ▪ I tried to explain, working hard to keep back the tears. ▪ He was unable to keep back his anger any longer. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑hold back, suppress formal 6. keep sb back to make someone stay after class, especially in order to talk to them: ▪ After the first class the teacher kept me back and said "Are you really sure you want to be a dancer?" 7. keep sb back to make someone stay at the same level, and not let them progress to a higher level, for example because you do not think that their work is good enough: ▪ Mick was kept back for a year at college after he failed all his exams. keep down 1. keep sth down • keep down sth to prevent the size, cost, or quantity of something from increasing, or to keep it at a low level: ▪ No sugar, thanks - I'm trying to keep my weight down. keep prices/costs down ▪ The store keeps prices down by asking customers to bag their own groceries. 2. keep sth down • keep down sth used to ask someone to make less noise keep your voice down ▪ Keep your voice down, she'll hear you! keep it down ▪ Can you ask the kids to keep it down a bit, I'm trying to work. 3. keep down/keep your head down to stay close to the ground when you are hiding or in danger of being hit by something: ▪ My mother told me to keep down and stay quiet so the guard wouldn't spot us. 4. keep sth down • keep down sth to succeed in keeping food in your stomach after eating it, instead of bringing it up again out of your mouth, especially with difficulty because you are ill: ▪ He drank some of the medicine, but he couldn't keep it down. ▪ Anna was feeling much better - she'd managed to keep down the bread she'd eaten. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑hold down ■ OPPOSITE: bring up 5. keep down sb • keep sb down to keep people under strict control or limit their freedom in an unfair way: ▪ Women have been kept down for far too long. ▪ an oppressive society in which people from ethnic minorities were kept down ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑hold down, oppress formal keep from 1. keep sb/sth from sth to prevent someone from doing something or to prevent something from happening: keep sb from doing sth ▪ At the stadium police kept fans from coming onto the field. ▪ Bains complained that he had been kept from seeing his children by his ex-wife. keep sb from sth ▪ I hope I haven't kept you from your work. keep sth from doing sth ▪ Stand the plant in a bowl of water to keep the soil from getting dry. 2. keep (yourself) from doing sth to prevent yourself from doing something, with difficulty: ▪ I looked quickly away to keep from laughing. ▪ It was all Dinah could do to keep from shouting. ▪ He tried to keep himself from getting too tired. 3. keep sth from sb to prevent someone from knowing something, by deliberately not telling them about it: ▪ The government had wanted to keep this information from the public. ▪ I felt that he was keeping something from me. ■ SIMILAR TO: withhold formal keep in 1. keep sb in especially BrE to make someone stay in a place, especially as a punishment: ▪ The children had behaved so badly that the teacher kept them in at lunchtime. 2. keep sb in to make someone stay in a hospital because they are too ill to go home: ▪ They kept me in overnight just for observation. 3. keep in BrE used to warn someone to walk or travel near the side of the road instead of in the middle: ▪ Keep in! There's a car coming. keep in with keep in with sb BrE to try to remain friendly with someone and make them continue to like you: ▪ Young people often do silly things because they want to keep in with their friends. ▪ It's always a good idea to keep in with the boss. keep off 1. keep off sth to not go onto an area of land: ▪ The children had been told to keep off the beach. ▪ There was a sign saying, `Keep off the grass.' 2. keep sb/sth off sth to prevent someone or something from going onto an area of land, a road etc: ▪ Please could you keep the children off the flower beds. ▪ Rain kept both teams off the pitch for long periods. ▪ The government hopes that improving public transport will keep more cars off the roads. 3. keep sth off sth/sb • keep sth off • keep off sth to prevent something from touching or harming something or someone: ▪ Jinny was wearing a hood to keep off the rain. ▪ How are we going to keep these flies off the food? 4. keep your hands off sb/sth to not touch or go too close to someone or something: ▪ "Keep your hands off me!" Linda shouted at Don. 5. keep off sth to not eat, drink, or take something that is bad for you: ▪ If you want to lose weight, you should keep off fatty foods. ▪ To the surprise and admiration of his friends, Patrick was still keeping off alcohol. 6. keep sb off sth to stop someone from eating, drinking, or taking something that is bad for them: ▪ The programme is aimed at keeping teenagers off drugs. 7. keep off sth especially BrE to avoid talking about a particular subject, especially because it might upset someone: ▪ I think we ought to keep off the subject of personal relationships. ▪ Maud tried to keep off political subjects to avoid any arguments. ■ SIMILAR TO: avoid, ↑stay off 8. keep sth off • keep off sth if you keep weight off, you do not get heavier again after you have lost weight: ▪ It's usually easier to lose weight than to keep it off. ▪ Sussman has now kept off twenty-five pounds for five years. ■ OPPOSITE: put on 9. keep off BrE if bad weather keeps off, it does not begin, although it looks as if it might begin soon: ▪ The rain kept off until we boarded our coach at 6.15. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑hold off keep on 1. keep on doing sth/keep on to continue to do something or go somewhere: keep on doing sth ▪ No car appeared so she kept on walking with new determination. ▪ The album has made almost three million dollars in sales around the world, and people keep on buying it. keep on ▪ When I started to smoke the cigarette I felt really ill, but I kept on because everyone else was doing it. keep on with sth ▪ If it continues to rain, the players won't be able to keep on with the game. ■ SIMILAR TO: continue, ↑carry on 2. keep on doing sth to do something many times: ▪ I don't like to keep on borrowing money from the bank. ▪ Kilkenny's a brilliant player - he just keeps on scoring goals. 3. keep on to continue to talk about something in an annoying or boring way + about ▪ I wish my parents wouldn't keep on about my exams all the time. keep on and on ▪ I know what you think, so there's no need to keep on and on about it. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑go on, ↑harp on BrE informal 4. keep sb on • keep on sb to continue to employ someone, especially for longer than usual you had planned, or for longer than other people are employed: ▪ After Craig's retirement, he was kept on temporarily as a special assistant. ▪ The company have kept on a staff of thirty, out of the original 900. keep on at keep on at sb not progressive to tell someone something or ask them something many times, especially in a way that is annoying or unreasonable: ▪ If I didn't keep on at the children, they'd never get their homework done. ▪ Please don't keep on at me. I'd tell you if I knew. ▪ He had a bad leg but they still kept on at him to hurry up. ■ SIMILAR TO: go on at, nag keep out 1. keep out to not go into a place or building: ▪ Danger: Keep out! ▪ The boarded up the windows and put up 'Keep Out' notices. + of ▪ Please keep out of my office when I'm not there. 2. keep sb/sth out • keep out sb/sth to prevent someone or something from coming into a place or building: ▪ Barricades were put up to keep out the protestors. ▪ We closed the curtains to keep out the light. ▪ You will need a strong fence to keep foxes out. + of ▪ I try to keep the children out of the kitchen when I'm cooking. keep out of 1. keep sb/sth out of sth to prevent someone or something from getting involved in a situation: ▪ Anna had tried hard to keep John out of her life. ▪ They managed very cleverly to keep their country out of the war. 2. keep out of sth to not get involved in a situation: ▪ Phil was one of those children who can't manage to keep out of trouble. ▪ "What's the matter?" I asked. "You keep out of this," Charlie replied sharply. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑stay out of keep to 1. keep to sth to stay in one particular area or place: ▪ `Keep to the centre of the track,' said Bailey. ▪ The weather was so bad we had to keep to the house for the first two days. 2. keep to sth to do what has been decided in an agreement or plan, or what is demanded by law: ▪ It is vital that they keep to the peace agreement. ▪ We are still keeping to our aims of achieving greater equality. ▪ There would be fewer accidents if people kept to the speed limits. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑stick to, ↑keep to, ↑abide by formal 3. keep sth to sth usually passive to limit something to a particular number or amount: ▪ Your stories should be kept to no more than 500 words. keep sth to a minimum ▪ Hospital waiting times must be kept to a minimum. 4. keep sth to yourself to not tell anyone about something: ▪ What I'm going to tell you now is a secret. Can you keep it to yourself? ▪ Maria guessed that Larry was in trouble, but she kept her suspicions to herself. 5. keep yourself to yourself BrE/keep to yourself AmE BrE to prefer to be alone rather than with other people: ▪ Tom didn't like meetings and village events and he kept himself to himself. 6. keep to sth to continue to talk about one particular subject, instead of starting to talk about others: ▪ "Please try and keep to the subject under discussion," the chairman said. keep to the point ▪ He's a hopeless teacher. He can't keep to the point. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑stick to keep up 1. keep up sth • keep sth up to continue doing something: ▪ The doctor advised me to keep up the treatment for two weeks. ▪ All the way home the kids kept up a non-stop flow of questions. ▪ Any exercise is good for you, but ideally you should keep it up regularly. keep up the good work (=continue to work hard and well) ▪ Our manager's always coming round telling each of us to keep up the good work. keep it up (=continue to work hard and well) ▪ He had been revising for nearly five weeks and felt he couldn't keep it up for much longer. 2. keep up if something keeps up, it continues without stopping or changing: ▪ It had been raining for days, and everyone was wondering how long it could keep up. ▪ If things keep up like this, we'll all be millionaires soon. ■ SIMILAR TO: continue 3. keep up to go as quickly as someone else: ▪ Maggie had a stone in her shoe, and was finding it hard to keep up. + with ▪ Sometimes Emmie followed Nick. She had to walk fast to keep up with him. 4. keep up to manage to do as much or as well as other people: ▪ Teachers should offer advice to children in hospital on how to keep up at school. + with ▪ Older employees often find it difficult to keep up with their younger colleagues. ▪ "He had enormous energy," Deborah said. "I felt I could never keep up with him." keep up with the Joneses (=try to have the same possessions and way of life as other people, so that they will think you are as good, rich etc as them) ▪ Until she was forty, Gemma's life consisted of microwaves and mobile phones and keeping up with the Joneses. ■ OPPOSITE: fall behind 5. keep up to keep changing the way in which you do something because the situation you are in keeps changing + with ▪ In the car industry, many of the smaller firms have been unable to keep up with the pace of change. keep up with demand (=supply as much of something as is wanted, especially when the amount is increasing quickly) ▪ It's difficult to produce these computer games fast enough to keep up with demand. keep up ▪ Young people's fashions change so quickly nowadays that you need a lot of money to keep up. 6. keep up to know about and understand all the most recent facts in a situation: + with ▪ We encourage all our employees to keep up with new technical developments. keep up ▪ Technology changes all the time. It's almost impossible to keep up. 7. keep up sth • keep sth up to make something continue at its present level or amount, instead of letting it decrease: ▪ Nato kept up the pressure on the Serbs to get out of Kosovo. ▪ You need to have a good meal now to keep your strength up. 8. keep up if one process keeps up with another, it increases at the same speed so that they stay at the same level + with ▪ In most African countries, food production is not keeping up with population growth. ▪ Salaries have not kept up with inflation in the last few years. 9. keep up sth • keep sth up to continue to practise a skill or subject that you learned in the past so that you do not forget it: ▪ I was keen to keep up the French that I had learned when I worked at the resort. ▪ George used to play the piano, but I'm afraid he hasn't kept it up. 10. keep sth up • keep up sth to look after a building and pay for any work that needs to be done, so that it stays in good condition: ▪ In the end the family had to sell the house. They didn't have enough money to keep it up. ■ SIMILAR TO: maintain formal upkeep n singular the process and cost of looking after a building: ▪ On a house this size, the upkeep is enormous. 11. keep sb up • keep up sb to prevent someone from going to bed at the usual time: ▪ One of the students kept Mike up for hours talking about her problems. ▪ The noise from the party kept us all up. keep up with keep up with sb to write to, telephone, or meet a friend regularly, so that you do not forget each other: ▪ I've kept up with several of my schoolfriends, especially the ones that live near me. |
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