| 词组 | cut |
| 释义 | cut [cut, cut, cutting] cut across 1. cut across sth to go across an area of land instead of going round the edge of it, because it is the shortest way: ▪ It only takes ten minutes to get to the village if you cut across the field. ▪ The train takes the shortest route and cuts across the desert. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑cut through 2. cut across sth if a problem or subject cuts across different groups of people, it affects or concerns all of them, or they all have the same opinion about it in spite of their differences: ▪ The drug problem cuts across all social classes. ▪ There were a lot of redundancies, which cut across every level of the company. sth cuts across party lines (=people from different political parties have the same opinion) ▪ The abortion issue cuts across party lines in the US. 3. cut across sth BrE to be very different from another idea, method etc: ▪ This idea was common in Ancient Roman times, but it cuts across the Christian view. ▪ His methods cut across the established ways of doing things and were seen as revolutionary. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑go against cut away cut away sth • cut sth away to remove an unwanted or unnecessary part of something by cutting it off: ▪ Cut away any fat, and slice the meat into thin pieces. ▪ Any dead wood needs to be cut away to make room for new growth. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑cut off cut back 1. cut back • cut back sth • cut sth back to reduce the amount of money that you spend, or the amount of something that you use: ▪ During the recession a lot of businesses had to cut back, and unemployment rose sharply. ▪ Since the children were born, we've had to really cut back our spending. cut back on sth ▪ The company has been told that it must cut back on research. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑reduce cutback n C a reduction in something, especially the amount of money you spend: ▪ 2,000 jobs will be lost because of civil service cutbacks. + in ▪ a cutback in defence spending 2. cut back sth • cut sth back to cut or remove some of the branches of a plant in order to encourage it to grow more strongly: ▪ Raspberry bushes need to be cut back to within a few inches of the ground. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑prune back cut down 1. cut down sth • cut sth down • cut down to reduce the amount, number, or size of something: ▪ Could you try and cut down the amount of time you spend on the phone? ▪ The government is looking at various proposals for cutting down the number of cars on our roads. ▪ In the end the book had to be cut down, in order to meet the publication date. + on ▪ If we want to cut down on crime, we need to spend more on law enforcement. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑reduce 2. cut down to eat, drink, or smoke less of something that is bad for you, in order to improve your health or lose weight: ▪ It's difficult to give up alcohol altogether, but try and cut down as much as possible. + on ▪ It's the fatty foods you need to cut down on if you want to lose weight. 3. cut down sth • cut sth down to remove a tree, or a lot of trees in a forest, by cutting them so that they fall to the ground: ▪ Several trees had to be cut down before the building work could start. ▪ Cutting down the rainforest has a terrible effect on the environment. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑chop down, fell 4. cut down sb • cut sb down to kill or seriously injure someone with a weapon, especially a gun: ▪ One of the women was cut down by a bullet while carrying her daughter to safety. cut in 1. cut in to interrupt someone by saying something: ▪ "Actually," Marc cut in, "that's not quite true." + on ▪ She has a very annoying habit of cutting in on people while they're speaking. ■ SIMILAR TO: interrupt 2. cut in if a machine cuts in, it starts to operate when it is needed: ▪ The fan will automatically cut in if the engine gets too hot. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑switch on, ↑come on 3. cut in to suddenly drive into the space between two moving cars when there is not really enough space for you to do this safely: ▪ A blue Mercedes overtook me at 90mph and then cut in right in front of me. 4. cut in sb • cut sb in informal to allow someone to take part in a plan, business etc, or to share the profits from something: ▪ No one was very keen on cutting Sam in. + on ▪ Joey wants to be cut in on the deal. 5. cut sth in • cut in sth AmE if you cut in butter or other fat, you mix it into flour using a knife: ▪ Cut in the butter until the mixture is sticky. 6. cut in old-fashioned to interrupt two people who are dancing, in order to ask one of them to dance with you: ▪ "Do you mind if I cut in?" Mark asked, smiling at Katy. cut into 1. cut into sth to push a knife or a similar tool into something in order to make a cut in it: ▪ She took the knife and solemnly cut into the cake. 2. cut into sth to reduce the amount of time, money etc that you have available for something, by using up a lot of it: ▪ Simon was now working a seventy-hour week, which obviously cut into his social life. ▪ By that time I had two ex-wives to support, which really cut into my earnings. 3. cut into sth/sb if something such as a rope cuts into someone's skin, it is so tight that it cuts the skin and hurts it: ▪ The ropes began to cut into her flesh as she struggled to get free. cut off 1. cut off sth • cut sth off to separate part of something completely from the rest by cutting it with a knife, scissors etc: ▪ How much of your hair do you want me to cut off? ▪ One of his fingers was cut off in the accident. cut-off adj always before noun especially BrE cut-off trousers have been made much shorter than usual by cutting off the bottom of the legs: ▪ Cut-off jeans were very fashionable that year. 2. cut off sth/sb • cut sth/sb off to stop the supply of electricity, gas, water, money, or goods from getting to a place: ▪ If there is an earthquake, the electrical supply will be immediately cut off. ▪ The US threatened to cut off economic aid to South Africa. ▪ The gas company is threatening to cut us off if we don't pay the bill immediately. 3. be cut off if a place is cut off, it is very difficult to get to, for example because it is a long way from any other place: ▪ Some of the mountain villages are extremely cut off, and can only be reached on foot. ▪ Some villages and farms were cut off by snow for two weeks. 4. be cut off if the people living somewhere are cut off, they cannot communicate with other countries or people, for example because they are a long way from them, or because it is not allowed + from ▪ Rumania was a Communist dictatorship, cut off from the outside world. ▪ Prisoners were left alone for weeks, cut off from all contact. 5. be cut off by the tide/the floods/the fire etc to be trapped and unable to leave a place because you are surrounded by water or by fire: ▪ We'd better leave the beach by five o'clock or we'll be cut off by the tide. ▪ Whole villages were cut off by the floods. 6. feel cut off if you feel cut off, you feel lonely because you cannot meet and talk to other people + from ▪ I like working at home, but sometimes you feel cut off from other adults. ■ SIMILAR TO: feel isolated 7. cut sb off • cut off sth to stop communicating with someone or having a friendly relationship with them, often because you are angry with them about something: ▪ June came from a religious Protestant family, who cut her off when she married a Roman Catholic. cut off relations with sb/sth ▪ In 1904 Japan cut off diplomatic relations with Russia. cut yourself off (=deliberately avoid seeing people in order to be alone) ▪ After his wife died, he just stayed at home and cut himself off from his family and friends. 8. cut off sb • cut sb off to take away someone's right to receive your money or property when you die: ▪ He knew that his father would cut him off without a penny if he married Elizabeth. 9. cut off sb • cut sb off usually passive if you are cut off while you are speaking on the telephone, you are unable to finish your conversation because the telephone connection is suddenly broken.: ▪ My money ran out and I was cut off. get cut off ▪ We got cut off before he could give me his address. 10. cut sb off to prevent someone from finishing what they were saying, by interrupting them: ▪ "Mark!" his father cut him off. "I don't want you talking to your mother like that!" 11. cut sb off AmE to suddenly drive in front of a moving car in a dangerous way: ▪ When a careless driver cuts you off, get his license plate number and report it to the police. cut out 1. cut out sth • cut sth out to remove something by cutting round it with scissors or a knife: ▪ Slice the avocado in half and cut out the stone. + of ▪ I cut the job advertisement out of the newspaper and kept it carefully. 2. cut out sth • cut sth out to cut a piece of paper, cloth etc so that it is in a particular shape: ▪ The children were busy cutting out circles and squares. cut-out n C a shape that has been cut out from card: ▪ a life-size cardboard cut-out of Tony Blair 3. cut out sth • cut sth out to stop eating drinking, smoking etc something, especially in order to improve your health or lose weight: ▪ I wish I'd cut out cigarettes years ago. ▪ You really ought to cut out alcohol, or at least drink less. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑give up 4. cut it out!/cut that out! spoken informal used to tell someone to stop doing something because it is annoying you: ▪ "Cut it out!" Brady yelled as the other guys took his clothes and began throwing them around the room. ■ SIMILAR TO: stop it!, knock it off spoken informal 5. not be cut out for sth/ to do sth if someone is not cut out for a job or an activity, they do not have the qualities that you need to do it: ▪ After the first two months, Jim realized that he wasn't cut out to be a policeman. ▪ I don't really enjoy being at home with the children - I just wasn't cut out for it! 6. cut out sth • cut sth out to remove part of a book, film, speech etc, for example because it might offend people: ▪ The editors of the book asked me to cut out several paragraphs. + of ▪ A number of scenes had been cut out of the original movie. 7. cut sb out to stop someone from taking part in something, or from having a share of something: + of ▪ In a sudden temper, Joss cut me out of the deal. cut sb out of your will (=stop someone from receiving any of your money or property when you die) ▪ We'd had our disagreements, but it was still a shock when my father cut me out of his will. 8. cut out sth/sb • cut sth/sb out to make part of a process unnecessary by making the process simpler and more direct: ▪ A new station is due to open at the airport, cutting out the need for a long bus or taxi journey to catch a flight. cut out the middleman (=deal directly with people or companies yourself, so that you do not have to pay more money to someone else to do it) ▪ All out goods come straight from the factory, so we can cut out the middleman and keep our prices down. 9. cut out sth • cut sth out to prevent light or sound from coming into a place, or to prevent a view from being seen: ▪ Very thick curtains will cut out the sound as well as the light. ▪ The new houses will completely cut out our view. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑block out, ↑shut out 10. cut out if an engine or machine cuts out, it suddenly stops working: ▪ Then the engine cut out altogether, and we were stuck in the middle of the lake. cut-out n C BrE a part of a machine that stops the machine working if there is a problem: ▪ The motor has an automatic cut-out device for if it starts to overheat. 11. cut out AmE to leave suddenly: ▪ Bob cut out right after the movie, but the rest of us had coffee and talked for a while. cut through 1. cut through sth to go through a particular place instead of going round it, because it is the shortest way: ▪ It was still light, so we decided to cut through the forest. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑cut across 2. cut through sth to quickly find a way of dealing with something, for example a set of official rules, so that it does not prevent you from doing what you want: ▪ Smith cut through a lot of bureaucracy to get the children out of Bosnia. 3. cut through sth to move quickly and smoothly through something, especially water: ▪ Further out to sea, a motorboat cut through the water. 4. cut through sth if a road, path, or river cuts through an area, it passes through it: ▪ The road cuts through some fantastic scenery, before dropping down to the sea. cut up 1. cut up sth • cut sth up to cut something into small pieces, especially food: ▪ Could you cut up the onions for me? ▪ Dan was in the garden, cutting wood up for the fire. ■ SIMILAR TO: ↑chop up 2. be cut up informal, especially BrE to be very upset about something that has happened: + about ▪ When Sam's father died last year, he was really cut up about it. 3. be (badly) cut up to be injured in a lot of places, by being in an accident or fight: ▪ She was lucky to survive - her head was badly cut up. ▪ Morrison last fought in October, when he was cut up and knocked out by Lennox Lewis. 4. cut up AmE informal if a class of students cuts up, the students behave badly: ▪ By 3:00 on Friday, even the best class cuts up. |
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