| 释义 |
rough /rʌf/► SEE ALLcut up rough/nastyin roughlive/sleep roughrough and readyrough and tumblea rough diamondrough edgesthe rough end of the pineapplerough itrough justicetake the rough with the smootha bit of rougha raw/rough dealhave/give sb a rough/an easy ride
●cut up ˈrough/ˈnasty (informal) behave or react in an angry, bad-tempered or violent way 发怒；冒火；露出凶相◆I didn’t want to ask Joe for money, but Billy had cut up rough when I couldn’t pay him back.
我不想找乔要钱，可是因为我没还比利的钱，他就对我动粗。●in ˈrough (especially BrE) if you write or draw sth in rough, you make a first version of it, not worrying too much about mistakes or details 粗略地；大概地◆I’ve already written the essay in rough, but I need to write it out again this evening.
我已经把文章的草稿写出来了，但是今晚还得写出定稿。●live/sleep ˈroughlive or sleep outside in the streets because you have no home or money （因无家可归或贫穷）露宿街头◆Hundreds of people are sleeping rough on the streets of the city.
城里有数百人都露宿街头。●ˌrough and ˈready1. simple and prepared quickly but good enough for a particular situation 粗陋但实用的；尚能用的◆I can give you a rough-and-ready estimate of the cost of the work now and a more detailed estimate later.
我现在可以先给你大概估计一下工费，过些时候再作一个详细点的估算。2. (of a person 人) not very polite, educated or fashionable 粗鲁；没文化；土气◆His approach was rather rough and ready, but he was very popular with his customers.
他的方法是有点大大咧咧，但他很受顾客的欢迎。●rough and ˈtumble1. a situation in which people compete with each other and are aggressive in order to get what they want 混战；激烈竞争◆In the rough and tumble of politics you can’t trust anyone.
身处竞争激烈的政界，谁都不可信。2. a noisy but not serious fight 喧闹；小打小闹◆The toddlers often join in the rough and tumble of the older children’s games.
刚会走路的小孩经常跟着大一些的孩子一起打打闹闹。●a ˌrough ˈdiamond (BrE) (NAmE a ˌdiamond in the ˈrough) a person who has many good qualities even though they do not seem to be very polite, educated, etc. 未经切琢的金刚石；璞玉（喻人）；外表粗鲁但品行很好的人◆Don’t be put off by your first impressions — he’s something of a rough diamond.
不要因为第一印象而失望 － 他属于外粗内秀的那种人。 NOTE A rough diamond is a diamond that has not yet been cut or polished. * rough diamond 指未经切割或琢磨的钻石。 ●rough ˈedgessmall parts of sth or of a person’s character that are not yet as good as they should be 瑕疵；美中不足之处◆The ballet still had some rough edges.
这出芭蕾舞剧还有不足之处。◆He had the rough edges knocked off him at school.
他在学校改掉了一些坏毛病。●the ˌrough end of the ˈpineapple (AustralE, informal) a situation in which sb is treated badly or unfairly 受到不良（或不公正）对待的处境◆The team got the rough end of the pineapple when it came to decisions by the referee.
就裁判的判罚而言，这支队伍受到了不公正的对待。●ˈrough it (informal) live in a way that is not very comfortable for a short time 暂时过艰苦的生活；暂时因陋就简地生活◆We can sleep on the beach. I don’t mind roughing it for a night or two.
我们可以睡在海滩上，我不介意过一两天苦日子。●rough ˈjusticepunishment or rewards given without enough care so that people feel they have been unfairly treated 不够公正的待遇◆The pensioners complained that they had received rough justice when their claim for an increase in benefits was rejected without discussion.
领养老金者抱怨他们受到了不公正的对待，因为他们增加救济金的要求未经讨论就被拒绝了。●take the ˌrough with the ˈsmoothaccept the unpleasant part of sth as well as the pleasant 无论好坏都接受；既能享乐也能吃苦◆It certainly isn’t all fun and games when you’re a student, but you have to learn to take the rough with the smooth.
做学生当然不可能总是好玩有趣，你得学会接受有苦有乐的生活。●a bit of ˈrough (BrE, slang) a person of a low social class who has a sexual relationship with sb of a higher class （社会地位比较低的）性伙伴●a raw/rough ˈdealunfair treatment 不公正的待遇◆Many old people feel they are getting a raw deal from the state: they pay money towards a pension all their working life but discover it isn’t worth much when they retire.许多老人觉得他们受到了国家的不公平对待：他们工作时一直交纳养老金，可退休后却发现养老金价值无几。●have/give sb a rough/an easy ˈride (informal) to experience/not experience difficulties when you are doing sth; to make things difficult/easy for sb （使）举步维艰（或一帆风顺）◆She hasn’t always had an easy ride in her business life.在生意上，她并非一直一帆风顺。◆The government has been given a rough ride by the popular press recently.最近政府遭到大众媒体的责难。 |