jump /dʒʌmp/► SEE ALLbe/stay one jump ahead (of sb/sth)go (and) jump in a/the lakejump down sb’s throatjump the gunjump the lightsjump out of your skinjump the queuejump the sharkjump shipjump through hoopsjump to itclimb/jump on the bandwagonjump/leap to conclusionsjump in/be thrown in at the deep endbe for the high jumpa quantum leaptake a running jump ●be/stay one jump aˈhead (of sb/sth)have/keep your advantage over sb by taking action before they do or by making sure you know more than they do（比…）超前一步，领先一步◆For years he has managed to stay one jump ahead of the police. 这些年来，他总是比警察领先一着。◆People who are successful in business are always one jump ahead of the competition. 成功的商人总能在竞争中抢占先机。●go (and) jump in a/the ˈlake (spoken) used to tell sb in a rude way to go away or to stop doing something走开；滚一边去◆I’m sick of you and your stupid questions. Go and jump in the lake! 我烦透了你和你那些愚蠢的问题，哪儿凉快哪儿呆着去！◆She made me so angry that I told her to go jump in a lake. 她让我大为光火，我让她滚开。●jump down sb’s ˈthroat (informal) react to sth that sb has said or done by suddenly speaking to them angrily愤怒地反驳；猛烈回击某人；对…发火◆He asked her a very simple question and she jumped down his throat. He couldn’t believe it. 他不过问了一个极其简单的问题，她就大为光火，横加训斥，他无法相信会这样。◆It’s not my fault. Don’t jump down my throat. 这不是我的错，别冲我发火。●jump the ˈgun (informal) do sth before the right time抢跑；过早行动；提前行动◆They jumped the gun by building the garage before they got permission from the town council. 还没得到镇委会的批准，他们就抢先盖好了车库。NOTE This idiom refers to an athlete in a race who starts running before the starter has fired the gun.这个习语原指比赛中运动员在发令枪响前抢跑。●jump the ˈlights (informal) drive on when the traffic lights are red闯红灯◆A policeman stopped us for jumping the lights. 我们闯了红灯，警察把我们截住了。●jump out of your ˈskin (informal) make a quick, sudden movement because sth has suddenly frightened you大吃一惊；吓得灵魂出窍◆When I heard the explosion, I nearly jumped out of my skin. 听到爆炸声时，我吓了一大跳。◆She nearly jumped out of her skin when somebody banged on the door in the middle of the night. 午夜时分，有人砰砰敲她家大门，把她吓得魂不附体。●jump the ˈqueue (BrE) (NAmEjump the ˈline, cut in ˈline) go to the front of a line of people without waiting for your turn插队；加塞儿；不按次序排队◆I get very angry with people who jump the queue. 我对加塞儿的人非常反感。▸ˈqueue-jumping (BrE) (NAmEˈline-jumpingless frequent)
noun
◆This practice encourages queue-jumping for medical services. 这一做法助长了人们为得到医疗服务而插队的现象。●ˈjump the shark (NAmE) if a television programme jumps the shark, it starts to decline in quality and introduces ridiculous ideas in order to maintain the interest of the public（电视节目）为能继续吸引观众而降格掺入荒唐的内容ORIGINThis comes from the TV series Happy Days, in which on one show a character jumped over a shark while waterskiing.这个习语源于电视连续剧《欢乐时光》，剧中有一角色在滑水橇时从鲨鱼的背上跳过去。●jump ˈship1. (of a sailor船员) leave the ship on which you are serving, without permission擅自弃职离船◆Two of the sailors jumped ship in New York. 船到纽约时，有两名船员擅自弃船离岗。2.leave an organization that you belong to, suddenly and unexpectedly突然离职；出人意料地跳槽◆When they realized that the company was in serious financial trouble, quite a few of the staff jumped ship. 有很多职员在意识到公司陷入严重的财务危机时，迅即离开了公司。●jump through ˈhoopsdo sth difficult or complicated in order to achieve sth（为达到目的而）经受磨难◆How did you manage to get permission for this? Did you have to jump through hoops? 你是怎么得到许可的？是不是颇费了一番周折？NOTE This refers to the circus, where animals are made to jump through a hoop (= a large ring of plastic, iron, etc.).这个习语原指马戏团的动物跳圈表演。●jump ˈto it (NAmE alsohop ˈto it) (informal) used to tell sb to hurry and do sth quickly赶快；立即行动◆You have got ten minutes to clean this room. Now jump to it. 给你十分钟整理房间，抓紧一点。◆Hop to it, will you? We don’t have much time. 加把劲，好吗？我们没有多少时间了。●climb/jump on the ˈbandwagon (informal, disapproving) do sth that others are already doing because it is successful or fashionable随大溜；跟风；赶时髦◆As soon as their policies became popular, all the other parties started to climb on the bandwagon.他们的政策一受到欢迎，其他政党也开始跟风。ORIGINAt political celebrations in the USA, there was often a band on a large decorated vehicle (= a bandwagon). If somebody joined a particular ‘bandwagon’, they publicly supported that politician in order to benefit from their success.旧时，美国的政治庆祝活动中常会有乐队彩车。若有人加入某个彩车队伍，就是公开支持那位政客，以期从他们的胜利中得到好处。●jump/leap to conˈclusionsmake a decision about sb/sth too quickly, before you know or have thought about all the facts匆忙下结论◆There you go again — jumping to conclusions. Wait till you hear my side of the story!你又来了，匆匆忙忙就下结论。等我说完你再说！●jump in/be thrown in at the ˈdeep end (informal) try to do sth difficult without help when you are not prepared or know very little about it（使）陷入未曾料到的无助的困境；（由于无准备或了解甚少而）一筹莫展◆On the first day of her new teaching job, she was thrown in at the deep end and was told to teach the most badly-behaved class.她没想到教书的第一天就遇上了大难题 － 被安排教最调皮的班级。◆I didn’t know anything about business when I started. I just had to jump in at the deep end.一开始我对做生意一窍不通，只能硬着头皮上了。NOTE This phrase refers to the deep end of a swimming pool, where it is too deep to stand.这个短语原指游泳池的深水区，那里水很深，人无法站立。●be for the ˈhigh jump (BrE, informal) be about to be punished, criticized, dismissed, etc.将受到惩罚（或批评、开除等）◆When your father sees your school report, you’ll be for the high jump.等你父亲看到成绩单，你就等着挨训吧。ORIGINThis was first used as a military term and refers to the punishment of hanging somebody.这个习语最初用作军事术语，意为“绞刑”。●a quantum ˈleap ( a quantum ˈjumpless frequent) a sudden very large increase, advance or improvement in sth剧增；突飞猛进；重大进展◆This latest research represents a quantum leap in our understanding of the universe.这项最新的研究表明，我们对宇宙的认识有了重大进展。◆The quantum leap in writing technology came with the introduction of personal computers.个人电脑的使用带来了书写技术的飞跃发展。NOTE In physics, a quantum jump is a sudden change in a physical quality such as energy from one fixed level to another.在物理学中，quantum jump 指量子跃迁。●take a running ˈjump (old-fashioned, spoken) used to tell sb in an angry or impolite way to go away滚开；走开◆He asked me if I’d sell him the painting for $30, so I told him to take a running jump.他问我这幅画 30 美元卖不卖，我就让他一边呆着去。
